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INTL 616 - Intelligence Oversight and Ethics Essay

Research Paper Instructions:

TOPIC: Intelligence Oversight and Ethics
Literature Review
Having the ability to synthesize a vast amount of information into a succinct and logical explanation is a skill that when mastered can help one be successful in graduate school. Within the field of intelligence the literature is vast and robust, so to aid in your understanding of this body of knowledge the assignments in this course require you to write a review of the literature. The purpose of this assignment is to help improve your depth of knowledge the different concepts covered, and to further prepare you to move forward in your scholarship.
For this literature review, you must select to focus on the literature covered during one of the following weeks.
For example you may focus on the basis of ethics, just war doctrine, ethical legal foundations in intelligence, intelligence oversight and ethics, or ethics and interrogation.
Your literature review must be developed using 12-15 or more scholarly sources, which should include the assigned readings covered during that week. Within each week there are a number of recommended readings that would serve as an excellent starting point to kick start your research (you should keep in mind that not all of these are available within the online library as this recommended list is simply a list of accumulated knowledge, not knowledge housed within the online library). Regardless of your topic of choice you should conduct an article search within the online library within EBSCO and JStor database, and also conduct a book search to help you develop your literature review.
The goal of this literature review is to demonstrate the scope of knowledge that is available on these key topic areas. As such a good literature review is a thoughtful synthesis of important information that pertains to the topic at hand. Literature reviews include a summary and critical assessment of the arguments that exist (including whether or not you agree with them) and are arranged thematically. At the end of your literature review, you should discuss where research should go next. Are you persuaded by the arguments/findings of one author or another? Why? How could the research be improved upon (theoretically, methodologically, relevancy-wise, and etc)? Be sure you present any idea that you might have regarding how you would look at the topic area.
Developing a clear and concise literature review can be challenging. NOTE: Literature reviews can be a bit tricky to write. Check out this video to help you further prepare to write this assignment. This will not be the last time that you are asked to write a literature review in your academic career so its important to master this skill. Also check out the following documents: 1) literature review tip sheet and 2) synthesis matrix. Together these documents will give you everything you need to carry out a successful literature review.
How many sources should I review?
This is a common question asked by students. Essentially the key to an excellent research paper is the research that helps back up its arguments. While this might be an unsatisfactory answer for those in need of a clear "magic number" a few additional observations can be made. Students writing a course paper 15-20 pages in length should expect to cite 15-30 peer-reviewed sources within their papers, though in order to get to this point they should expect to read 25-50 peer-reviewed sources. For this assignment your literature review should reference 12-15 or more scholarly sources.
Format: This assignment should be 8-10 pages in length not including title and reference page. Your paper should have 1-inch borders on all four sides, use times new roman-12 point font, be double spaced, and not have an extra space in between paragraphs. (You may need to turn this off in MS word by going to paragraph and selecting "Don't add space between paragraphs of the same style). Since this is an INTL course you need to use the Turabian parenthetical citation style with a references page.
Please see below for the references from the readings to use for the paper:
Aldrich, Richard. 2009. “Global Intelligence, Co-operation versus Accountability: New Facets to an Old Problem.” Intelligence and National Security 24, no.1: 26-56.
Fisher, Louis. 2008. “Extraordinary Rendition: The Price of Secrecy.” American University Law Review 57, no. 5:1405-1451.
Kant, Emmanuel. 2013. “Deontology.” In Ethical Theory: An Anthology, edited by R. Shafer-Landau, 479-543. West Sussex, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwel
Drury, Cooper, and Dursun Peksen. 2014. “Women and Economic Statecraft: The Negative Impact
International Economic Sanctions Visit on Women.” European Journal of International Relations 20, no. 2 :463–490.
Quinlan, Michael. 2007. “Just Intelligence: Prolegomena to an Ethical Theory.” Intelligence and National Security 22, no. 1:1-13.
Rosenbach, Eric and Aki Peritz. 2009. Confrontation or Collaboration? Congress and the Intelligence Community. Cambridge, MA: John F. Kennedy School of Government.
The Kean Commission. 2004. The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. New York, NY: Norton.

Research Paper Sample Content Preview:

Intelligence Oversight and Ethics
Name
Course
Institution
Date
Intelligence Oversight and Ethics
The activities of the intelligence community remain critical to national security amidst the concerns of ethical violations. In contemporary society, intelligence is a primary weapon in the fight against crime. Security agencies keep demanding high efficiency in their operations as their actions can trigger crises if not assessed properly. The dilemma that arises amidst attempts to deliver efficient intelligence community roles stems from the ethical violations that such endeavors trigger. Questions are asked about the boundaries that the intelligence community cannot surpass in their attempt to secure the nation. Currently, intelligence oversight remains the only avenue for the public to assess the intelligence community's activities and approve or disapprove those activities bearing the needs for national security. In this review, emphasis is anchored on intelligence oversight and its role in taming the boundaries of the intelligence community activities and the ethical concerns clouding the effectiveness of intelligence oversight using the tenets of the theory of intelligence.
Understanding Intelligence Oversight
Defining intelligence has become challenging bearing the application of the concept to imply different prospects in national security. Primarily, intelligence can imply an ability by a professional. That is, a security officer can be considered intelligent because he/she is capable of seeking and obtaining the necessary information (Dambly 2018, 109). Intelligence can also be used about the information itself. Amidst all that confusion, intelligence oversight seems to manifest a clear understanding. Intelligence oversight is a process that ensures that all the intelligence community intelligence and counterintelligence activities are executed following the applicable intelligence community issuances, presidential executive orders, and the law. The intelligence oversight program is designed to ensure that the intelligence community can conduct its intelligence and counterintelligence missions with strict adherence to the protection of the citizens' constitutional and statutory rights. Intelligence oversight should also encompass reporting malicious activities within the intelligence community.
Oversight can be executed at different stages in an intelligence operation. The first stage is referred to as the ex-ante oversight. That is the oversight that happens before the intelligence operation is conducted. The ex-ante oversight helps with the determination of the legal framework surrounding the protracted intelligence duty. The period before the operation is also vital in aspects such as authorization of special measures and creation or approval of the budget necessary in overseeing the completion of the operation. Oversight can also be conducted in an ongoing operation. An ongoing oversight should include periodic hearings, on-sight inspections, regular reporting on the intelligence activities, and a special review of measures. An ongoing oversight should help with proper contingency plans in case the intelligence operations are not conducted as expected or in light of new information. Ultimately, oversi...
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