Take Aways on Articles Regarding Central Sleep Apnea (CSA)

File 4: 5 Take Aways
* While central sleep apnea (CSA) is rare, it is associated with stroke, atrial fibration, opioid use, and heart failure (Costanzo et al., 2021).
* The study showed that transvenous phrenic nerve stimulation (TPNS) almost eliminated CSA during the five-year study period.
* TPNS showed improvements in sleep architecture, which partially accounts for improvement in Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores.
* TPNS results in reduced arousals, leading to improvement in ESS and sympathetic activity surges.
* Patients with CSA under TPNS experience excessive daytime sleepiness.
File 6
Take Aways
* CSA harms cardiac function by increasing intermittent hypoxemia and sympathetic nervous system activity (Cowie et al., 2015).
* Adaptive servo-ventilation does not show any beneficial effect on different functional measures.
* Adaptive servo-ventilation raises both cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality.
* The large CANPAP trial showed that CPAP had no benefits in treating CSA in patients with heart failure.
* Continuous positive airway pressure may harm cardiac function, particularly in heart failure patients.
Objections
* A customer may question how CANPAP did not show any benefit of CPAP during the trial.
* One can question how a therapy, which is approved, can result in increased mortality.
* The explanations for the increased and sustained cardiovascular mortality are not convincing.
* The unblended design of the study may have affected its effectiveness
* The recruitment ...