Chain of Possession and Obligation From the Arawak/Taino Natives

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Chain of Possession and Obligation from the Arawak/Taino Natives to Citibank and Contemporary Haitian Governments
In the 1800s, Haiti was the wealthiest European colony. However, France exploited its wealth using enslaved people, accounting for the Atlantic slave trade (Phillips, Anthony, 2008). Enslaved people's mortality rate was high during transportation to the French colonies, with some working to death. Haiti's legacy of debt dates back to 1804 when enslaved people rose and led a rebellion against the French ruling system (Craemer, Thomas, 2018). After France lost in the rebellion, its military threatened Haiti in 1825, influencing them into agreeing to pay reparations to France for the loss of slave labor and property. The French threatened to reinvade Haiti if it did not agree to a 150 million reparation fee for diplomatic recognition over five years (Obregón, Liliana, 2018). Throughout the years, and in 1838, France reduced the reparation payment to 90 million francs.
This crisis led to Haiti taking loans from French financial institutions, enriching bank shareholders. Therefore, the payments were designed as double debts whereby Haiti would pay the bankers interest on loans, and France would get an annual payment based on ...