Homeostasis and the Controlling Factors in the Body

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Question One (A). A receptor is a protein that connects to a certain ligand molecule. They sense an environmental shift (stimulus) and induce a reaction to electrical impulses. Within the cell (in the nucleus) are intracellular receptors (Mai & Paxinos, 2011). The receptors sense changes in the environment when regulating homeostasis, transmitting a signal to the control center (in most situations, the brain), which, in turn, produces an effector-signaled response. (B)  CNS is responsible for the integration and response of sensory data into the central nervous system.

• The main functions of PNS are: (1) the transmission of motor signals to any voluntary striations muscles in the body; and (2) the transfer through the brain and spinal cord of sensory input on the external environment and body.
• The visceral motor system governs the spontaneous activities of smooth muscle fibres, cardiac muscle fibres, and glands by movement.
• Informing the central nervous system of stimuli from the outside or inside of us is the primary role of the sensory nervous system.
• Afferent nerves are peripheral neurons that bring external input to the central nervous system and brain nerve impulses.
• Motor neurons that take nerve signals away from the central nervous system that muscles induce action are efferent neurons.

Question Two

1. The hypothalamus is the part affected. This is because it is the part that helps to keep the internal functions at equilibrium, such as blood count and body temperature. Two pathways typically repair hypothalamus homeostasis. It has ties to the autonomous nervous system, which enables it to signal activities such as heart rates, digestion and suddenness. For instance, the hypot...