The Impact of AI on Society

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1. Introduction 1.1 provisional thesis In recent years, many new technologies have emerged with the construction of big data and the development of artificial intelligence technology. Undeniably, artificial intelligence is the path to the future. It is also the path that full of unknowns. Machines can outperform humans in most of fields, which will undoubtedly bring many benefits to our society. On another side, the tremendous power of artificial intelligence also raises concerns about ethical risks. The current system is inadequate and still insufficient to face the upcoming challenges. 2. Background 2.1 The history and development of AI Perhaps it's a bit surprising that the concept of AI was introduced back in 1950. Turing test was introduced in Alan Turing’s paper “Computing Machinery and Intelligence”. In the same year, the influential science friction “I, Robot” was published. (Tate, 2014) After several downturns, AI has evolved into what it is today. 2.2 The application of AI in 2022 AI has a wide range of applications in various fields. In Astronomy, AI is used to solve these complex universe problems. In the education industry, AI can be used to assist in teaching and grading. Even the financial industry is also incorporating AI such as chatbots, adaptive intelligence, algorithmic trading and machine learning. (Penumudy, 2021) 3. Methods 3.1 Benefits 3.1.1 Increase Productivity Automation is an important part of artificial intelligence. Automated production is far more efficient than human labor. Swedish mine operator Boliden;s Kankberg gold mine has been completely automated. The mines can operate on a near 24/7 schedule which leads to a significant increase in production capacity. (Lempriere, 2021) 3.1.2 Reduce Cost AI can greatly improve the utilization of energy and raw materials for production. SmartVentilation system with 5G connected allows Sweden mine operator save 18MW energy a year which is 54%. (Lempriere, 2021) 3.1.3 Enhance Safety According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), 94% of vehicle accidents are caused by human drivers (Woo, 2017). Autonomous cars increase safety since computers cannot get distracted, fall asleep, or get drunk. 3.2 Ethical Risk 3.2.1 Privacy Risk Many AI systems, including deep learning, require large amounts of data to train learning algorithms. Data has become the "new oil" in the age of AI. Some programs can mimic a person’s likeness without their permission such as deepfakes. (Goodwine, 2020) 3.2.2 Algorithmic Discrimination Search engines can be sexist. An image search for “female secretaries” will most likely will reveal pictures of women in sexualised costumes instead of career woman. Algorithms allow search engines to present more attractive and popular data to users rather than objective one. 3.2.3 Ethical Decision Whether AI can replace humans in making moral decisions is a controversial topic. If it was a driverless car in the trolley problem, AI needs certain guidelines to make decisions. 4. Results 4.1 People’s Attitudes toward AI The data shows there are about 41% Americans somewhat support or strongly support the development of AI while small group of 22% somewhat or strongly opposes it. (Zhang, 2019) 4.2 Corporate awareness of AI ethics More than 50% of corporate executives concern about ethical and reputational risks of AI. (Rangnekar, 2021) Companies have the opportunity to increase trust in AI By proactively addressing ethical issues and taking meaningful steps. 5. Analysis and Discussion People generally remain optimistic about AI, which is a good sign for the development of AI. However, while AI is evolving, it presents many challenges to the regulatory system. Establishing ethical regulations and supervision of AI and clarifying the liability system is the primary challenge. 6. Conclusion AI is a major trend for future development. AI needs a standardized code of ethics that maximizes the positive impact of AI while minimizing risks and negative outcomes. The government needs to clarify AI-related legal regulations and accountability systems to create a more equitable and harmonious society. References Tate, K. (2014, August 25). History of A.I.: Artificial intelligence (infographic). LiveScience. Retrieved March 18, 2022, from https://www.livescience.com/47544-history-of-a-i-artificial-intelligenceinfographic.html Penumudy, T. (2021, November 17). Artificial Intelligence for trading. Medium. Retrieved March 18, 2022, from https://tp6145.medium.com/artificialintelligence-for-trading-4cb0766a9a9f Lempriere, M., team, the M. T., & Molly. (2021, October 29). The minerless mine: Ericsson's Kankberg Project is a glimpse into the future of Automation. Mining Technology. Retrieved March 13, 2022, from https://www.miningtechnology.com/features/featurethe-minerless-mine-ericssons-kankberg-projectis-a-glimpse-into-the-future-of-automation-5925612/ Woo, M. (2017, June 22). When driverless cars crash, who pays? Inside Science. Retrieved from https://www.insidescience.org/news/when-driverless-carscrash-who-pays. Kiara Goodwine research on. (2021, July 26). Ethical considerations of Deepfakes. The Prindle Post. Retrieved February 25, 2022, from https://www.prindlepost.org/2020/12/ethical-considerations-of-deepfakes/ Zhang, B., & Dafoe, A. (2019, January). Artificial Intelligence: American attitudes and Trends. Retrieved March 19, 2022, from https://governanceai.github.io/USPublic-Opinion-Report-Jan-2019/us_public_opinion_report_jan_2019.pdf Rangnekar, P. (2021, August 30). Everyone in your organization needs to understand AI ethics. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved March 18, 2022, from https://hbr.org/2021/07/everyone-in-your-organization-needs-to-understand-aiethics