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Social Sciences
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Topic:

Sports and Society

Essay Instructions:

1. What happens when a sport is commercialized? I strongly suggest you give example(s). This is a major question worth 4 out of the 10 points which indicates a much longer answer than usual. I strongly suggest skimming through Coakley pages 340-342, 345-350.
2. Should public funds be used for the construction of private sports facilities such as stadiums? Defend your claim with evidence drawn from the readings, both Coakley and Eitzen. Be sure to have read ALL of the section entitled “Team Owners and Public Assistance” in Coakley as he begins the section with the arguments in favor of using public funds made by the team owners but later critiques those points using findings from independent researchers. (2/10 points)
3. What is New Media and in what ways does Coakley think it has the potential to challenge traditional media? (2/10 points)
4. In what ways are sports and media interdependent? Be specific, using information from the reading. (2/10 points)
SOURCE : Sports in Society: Issues and Controversies 12th edition
By: Jay Coakley

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Sports and Society
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Sports and Society
Question 1
When sports are commercialized, spectators are likely to lose excitement. In particular, sport is a part of social life, and it should not be manipulated in any way. When social life becomes highly organized and controlled, like in the case of commercializing sports, people's everyday routine is adversely affected, and they start feeling emotionally constrained (Coakley, 2016). Additionally, individuals lack emotional arousal and exciting actions that eliminate boredom in sporting activities. For example, in the English Premier League (EPL), spectators pay tickets to enter stadiums so that they watch the match live. Some of these individuals want to see their favorite teams or players in action. They are excited to see the teams they support winning since the game is happening under their watch.
Another thing that happens when sports are commercialized is that strict rules are set that redefine sports, which is unfavorable for the fans and participants. Specifically, sports involve tension between disruptions and order (Coakley, 2016). For the tension to be managed properly, the rules and norms ought to be loose to give room for excitement. However, the rules should not be too loose since they can permit various forms of destructive actions and uncontrolled violence. For example, in the EPL games, the rules are not so strict when it comes to minor unintentional mistakes that players commit while playing. When a play kicks another unintentionally, a foul is given. If the player brings another one down intentionally, he or she is given a yellow card. However, the repeat of such action several times leads to the player's suspension or the issuance of a red card. Major leagues, such as the National Football League (NFL), recognize that commercializing sports is not healthy, which is why they connect teams with spectators' interests (Coakley, 2016). When sports are commercialized, spectators lack interest in the games, and they no longer get the excitement. That is why some television recruits spectators by teaching them the rules of the game at home so that they can purchase tickets and attend matches. Consequently, a sporting activity without fans is dead.
Question 2
Stadium socialism allows powerful and wealthy capitalists to utilize public funds for their personal gains, but when the media mention something about this money transfer, it is described as economic development. Public funds should be used to construct private sports facilities, such as stadiums, since they create jobs for many individuals who, in return, pay taxes from their earnings. Moreover, the construction of stadiums injects money into the domestic economy, which circulates and generates tax for the country (Coakley, 2016). The most significant thing abou...
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