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APA
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Social Sciences
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English (U.S.)
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Topic:

Agricultural Trade Liberalization and its Outcomes for Global South Countries

Essay Instructions:

In the conclusion to her chapter on Expanding Food Trade, Jennifer Clapp writes:
Although it is widely agreed that the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture was skewed to the interests of rich countries, there are very different interpretations on the best way forward. (p. 99)
Write an essay that explores the debate over agricultural trade liberalization. Make sure to use specific examples and evidence from course materials (i.e., your readings, lectures, and videos) to outline how global agricultural trade was liberalized during the globalization period and what the outcomes were for global South countries. Conclude your essay by making a reasoned argument for the best way forward for the regulation of food and agriculture for farmers and low-income people in the global South.

Essay Sample Content Preview:

Exam 2 Essay
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Exam 2 Essay
Opposing positions on agricultural trade liberalization broadly focused on improved production, inequality, and uncompetitiveness combined with increased imports and free trade. In the developing countries, the lack of competitiveness and the comparative advantages in agricultural production has left them more vulnerable after opening up their economies to rich countries. As Ostry et al. (2016) noted, the touted benefits of neoliberalism failed to materialize and instead increased inequality debt, and fiscal deficits and inequality hurt sustainable growth. Some of the policies advocated by neoliberals are free trade, shrinking the size of the government, and the removal of protectionist quotas and tariffs.
The World Trade Organization (WTO) was instrumental in removing trade barriers from the 1980s onwards, but free trade benefited rich countries more. The IMF and the World Bank also promoted free trade in the 1980s mostly targeting the agricultural sector for developing countries (Clapp, 2020). The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was adopted in 1994, and the U.S., Mexico, and Cana...
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