Literature Review: The internet of things (IoT)

Literature Review: Theoretical Framework
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Literature Review: Theoretical Framework
The internet of things (IoT) is at the heart of the smart city initiatives that has enabled the digitization that given rise to the concept of smart cities. It entails the connection of devices to the internet and enables them to send information to the cloud and obtain directions necessary to perform some actions. It involves data collection and performance of data analytics to get the necessary information for proper decision and policy-making. According to (), over 75 billion devices will be connected to the internet by 2025 and more applications will be under development. Therefore, in the context of the smart city, IoT usage helps people obtain information through sensors concerning the state of the city. The information creates a pattern that is then extracted and used to make decisions.
IoT works by unifying all the operations of data sensing, transmission and storage via cloud services. The innovation is based on technology and its structure comprises of five layers: the business layer, the applications layer, the processing, the transport layer, and the perception layer. The business layer manages the entire IoT system, including applications, business, and profit models (Lele, 2019). It ensures that all these processes are managed in a user-friendly manner. The application layer delivers the specific service based on the type of application to the user. The processing layer has special characteristics, including information storage, analytics, and processing of the data to enable the vendors to deliver different types of services. The role of the transport layer is to transfer the information detected by the sensor to the processing layer via networks such as Bluetooth and LAN. The perception layer collects the...