Expectancy Theory: How it Impacts the Ability to Lead and Manage Others

Expectancy Theory
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The Expectancy Theory
Expectancy theory stimulates certain behaviours that can help achieve the utmost performance. The theory explains the link between effort, performance, and outcome (Vroom, 1964). It can be used to motivate others by making them believe that the number of efforts they put in will help in the achievement of the outcome that they expect and deserve after the level of effort put into its accomplishment.
Ability and belief is the first step that makes them put effort into learning or carrying out a task. People can successfully move from expectancy (E) to performance (P) when they have skills, realistic goals, support, and the right tools. It requires a certain level of skills, knowledge, and training which must be provided to support their belief. Positive behaviour can help build expectations, leading to strong performance. The motivation comes from the belief that the job is attainable. Realistic goals should be set to ensure that the expected performance can be reached. Support will be provided, which can further add to the positive attitude leading to better performance (Osafo, Paros, & Yawson, 2021). Motivation is high when people have the right tools, which are crucial to reach the goal.
The next step is to move from performance (P) to outcome (O), i.e., to believe that the promised outcome will be delivered, provided the individual performs according to the requirement. People can be motivated to perform well for the desired outcome by implementing explicit policies within the organization, which ensures transparency. The clarity of the association between performance and results inspires individuals to perform better (Osafo, Paros, & Yawson, 2021). Employees must have faith and confidence in corporate practices and policies to build their trust.
Finally, valence entails the value of the outcome for the individual. If a unique value is placed on the outcome, the level of motivation particularly increases due to the increased interest of the individual towards its outcome. The outcome can be aligned with the individual goals to enhance motivation. Intrinsic motivation can be attached to the outcome to create value for the individuals (Vroom, 1964). The value placed on th results fost...