Cases of Violence and Abuse in the Context of Four Social Phases

CHAPTER SUMMARY
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The chapter on "Violence and Abuse" addresses cases of violence and abuse in the context of four social phases: individual, relationships (such as family, friends, and intimate partners), community, and broader societal phase. Violence refers to an intentional use of force - physically - or power, whether the individual is threatened or not, "against another person", a particular community or against oneself (WHO, 2002). Each phase has its own sub-divisions that address distinct facets of violence and abuse amongst the four phases highlighted. In light of this, the chapter consists of two broader facets addressing different subtopics that relate to violence and abuse.
The first facet addresses the vulnerability to violence of certain groups of people in families and communities. Such groups include intimate partners - both men and women - children, and elders, especially those confined in nursing care institutions. This first facet clearly outlines forms, levels, progression, and nursing guidelines that ought to be followed to help victims and perpetrators get through their problems and/or differences. The facet also provides guidelines, which act as the basis for identifying such vulnerable groups. Apart from identifying those at risk of being victimized, it is also crucial to identify individuals carrying out violence and abuse on the victims. Such people are known as perpetrators. Understanding their behavioral patterns and character is important in getting to know the kind of interventions to use. For example, violence actuated by the perpetrators may arise as a result of three factors namely: biological...