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2 pages/≈550 words
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APA
Subject:
History
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Essay
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English (U.S.)
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Topic:

Just War Theory Paper

Essay Instructions:

With this understanding of violence as life-harmful action, the moral questions for this essay exam are all about whether there is a moral use of force and/or mechanisms to end life in specific situations.
For the exam, you must discuss the permissible use of violence, lethal procedures, or life-harming actions related to any one of the following issues you choose to write about: abortion, euthanasia, animal experimentation, legal punishment, death penalty, terrorism or war. Under each question, once you’ve chosen your specific moral issue, you may use that moral issue for both questions in the exam or you may use the two questions to address two different social topics.
Essay Question One:
In at least 250 words, discuss the questions of when, why, and how much violence or life-harming action may be a permissible within your selected moral issue with your specific case or scenario explained (real or imagined). You must also address the question from a moral philosophical view using at least one moral theory we’ve studied in this course to support the permissible use of violence or life-harming action. You must define the basic moral principle in the theory you choose and explain how it relates to the permissible use of harmful action in the case you’re discussing. Select one of the moral theories or moral philosophies of the person named for your discussion of this question: Utilitarianism, Immanuel Kant, Natural Law, Human Rights, Peter Singer, Aristotle, Carol Gilligan (feminist ethics of care), and/or a specific Religious based ethic. You may bring your own personal experience into the essay but be sure you answer the exam questions in what you discuss. This essay is not just about your opinion on the use of violence but about moral theories that address it.
Context and background for the essay is same definitions and background as given above in preface to the first essay question.
Essay Question Two:
In at least 250 words, discuss a counter position against the use of morally permissible violence or life-harming action in which you use a different moral theory from the one used in the pro-position (question 1). You must define the basic moral principle of the counter moral theory and explain why it rejects any permissible use of violence or life-harming action in the case you’re discussing (it can be the same issue or a different one from your first answer). The choices for the moral theory or moral philosopher you will discuss in your contrary discussion on the question of a permissible moral use of violence or life-harming actions are: Utilitarianism, Immanuel Kant, Natural Law, Human Rights, Peter Singer, Aristotle, Carol Gilligan (feminist ethics of care), and/or a specific Religious based ethics. Conclude this discussion with a statement of your own moral view for or against, about the case you’ve presented regarding a morally permissible use of violence or life-harming action and explain what is your moral rationale and whether it matches up with one of the moral theories studied in the course, or if it rests on some other moral position and perspective. And if so, how would you explain the moral principle behind your position.

Essay Sample Content Preview:

Just War Theory Paper
Student Paper
Institutional Affiliation
Just War Theory Paper
Discussion #1
Abortion entails terminating a pregnancy by expelling or eliminating the embryo or fetus from the uterus before viability. It is a life-threatening action that could result in maternal mortality (Aghaei, Shaghaghi, & Sarbakhsh, 2017). The just war theory is a Christian paradigm that integrates the issue of abortion and war. The just war theory holds that it is permissible and justifiable to destroy life during war, especially in contexts that generate extensive benefits or good for the populations. Despite Catholics' support for the just war paradigm, the church and the Christian doctrine do not permit abortion.
Nevertheless, the Catholic doctrine of just war can be applied to justify abortion despite its detrimental outcomes. Both abortion and war entail taking a human being's life. In the case of war, it is permissible to take human life in order to safeguard own life. It follows then that a similar exception needs to be applied to abortion by permitting abortion, especially when the pregnant woman's life is threatened. Unfortunately, such exceptions do not exist for abortion. In addition, the just war theory reiterates that it is essential to safeguard national integrity, particularly when war undermines people's life quality (Cebula, 2020). In this vein, it is crucial to give room for such exceptions in the case of abortion, including permitting abortions for pregnant women that are not economically stable to take care of the newborn or a condition where having an extra child would put the woman's life in danger. Other critical components of the just war doctrine entail the objectives and skills of national administrators (Cebula, 2020). Therefore, women need to be empowered to act as knowledgeable moral agents.
Discussion #2
The Seamless Garment approach or the "consistent ethic of life" constitutes a compelling counterargument against the moral bas...
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