The Research Process

The Research Process
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The Research Process
Researchers utilize different types of research designs in scientific inquiries. According to Gooden and Berry-James (2018), in general, research designs are either experimental or non-experimental, and each type serves a different purpose. These designs are important in guiding the direction of the study and the collection of data. This paper aims to explore the role of different types of experimental designs and the significance of internal and external validity within the context of experimental designs.
The different types of experimental designs include pre-experimental, quasi-experimental, and true experimental designs (Salkind, 2022). The main role of these designs is to establish causality. According to Salkind (2022), researchers use experimental designs to enhance their understanding of the causal relationships between independent and dependent variables. It allows researchers a significant amount of control and power to understand how one variable directly affects another variable. Gooden and Berry-James (2018) indicate that experimental designs play a significant role in establishing the impact of a variable and allowing researchers to make predictions about how changes in one variable will affect the other variable.
Pre-experimental designs provide a cost-effective and simple way of determining the causality of variables and determining whether there is a need for further investigation to establish cause and effect (Dagar, 2019). However, as Salkind (2022) reveals, pre-experimental designs lack a control group and are the weakest in establishing the cause and effect relationship between variables. These designs, however, can form the basis for further investigation of causal relationships. Quasi-experimental designs play a significant role in establishing causal relationships when it is impossible or irrelevant to con...