Diagnostic Intervention for Treatment of T1D and T2D

Task Analysis Assignment
Name
Institutional Affiliation
Diagnostic Intervention for Treatment of T1D and T2D
Type one diabetes (T1D) is a complex autoimmune disorder that interferes with the cells that produce insulin (Oram et al., 2016). Due to lack of insulin in the body, people with T1D are forced to depend on injection of insulin for homeostasis of glucose. Avoidance of glucose is also necessary for survival, but injection of insulin increases the risk of surviving diabetes complications. This complexity is worsened with the existence of Type Two Diabetes (T2D) that complicates the diagnosis and correct prescription of the treatment. The existence of two types of diabetes (Type 1 Diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes) and the increasing risks of developing coronary diseases has created a need for researchers and scholars to engage in methods that could help in diagnosis and treatment of this disorder. The area of concern for researchers and healthcare providers has been on how to distinguish T1D from T2D. According to Oram et al. (2016), there have been recent developments in distinguishing T1D from T2D, but these developments have made significant impact in determining the population at risk. The purpose of this paper was to discuss the genetic risk score (GRS) as a new tool in discriminating T1D from T2D in the affected population. The paper provides a summary of the research study by Oram et al. (2016) and goes ahead to compare the findings from other scholars who have tested to verify GRS as a technique of discrimination.
One of the key concerns when it comes to the management and treatment of diabetes is for doctors to determine the type of diabetes before focusing on the risk complications. Glucose is a basic source of energy in the body, but it can only be effective when the body produces enough insulin to break don glucose. People with T1D do not produce insulin, while those with T2D do not produce enough and also do not respond to insulin. It is only after the doctors have discriminated the two types of diabetes that they can administer the correct diagnosis and ease the process of treatment. Additionally, considering that diabetes is a chronic disease, early diagnosis of the disease opens doors for correct interventions that may improve the quality of life.
Article Summary
The objective of Oram et al. (2016) research was to determine whether a score generated from common generic variants could be used to discriminate T1D from T2D. The researchers also wanted to understand whether the prevalence of insulin deficiency in young adults was linked to genetic variants based on genetic scores. The method used in research was a genetic risk scores (GRS) method and was administered to 3,887 participants from Welcome Trust Case Control Consortium. The goal for the GRS was to determine whether it could correctly classify the participants as type one diabetes patients or type two patients. The selected population for the study was between twenty and forty years, a population of intermediate young people. The choice of this study population was based on the fact that this population is the most difficult to diagnose the type of diabetes.
Prior to the test, the participants were assessed for the presence or absence of sev...