Pathophysiology of the Different Types of Diabetes and Drug Treatments

DIABETES AND DRUG TREATMENTS
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Diabetes and Drug Treatments
Introduction
Several types of diabetes have the capacity to increase an individual’s risk to a broad range of serious health complications. It is significant to consider that diabetes remains the leading cause of kidney failures and blindness and continues to be a critical health risk factor for strokes, heart diseases, and leg or foot amputations. This paper, therefore, seeks to conduct a comparative review of the pathophysiology of different types of diabetes. On the other hand, the paper will establish the drugs used in the treatment of the selected typology of diabetes, with inclusivity given on the preparation methods in administering this medication to the patients. Lastly, the paper will review both the long and short-term impact of these drugs on patients and effective approaches that would be used in educating the patients on the standards of medical care in diabetes.
Differences in the Pathophysiology of Types of Diabetes
As established, there are several typologies of diabetes, however, for the purposes of this paper, both type 1 and type 2 will be analyzed. Type 1 diabetes is considered as the juvenile onset diabetes that occurs in patients before age 20. Given this, it is important to understand that individuals who present type 1 diabetes are in most cases thin, with the primary cause of this kind of diabetes ascribed to the destruction of the pancreas (an organ that secretes insulin) by antibodies (Arcangelo et al. 2013). Given this, it is vital to establish that this remains the primary reason why individuals suffering from this type of diabetes need insulin either through an insulin pump or injected.
On the other hand, the most common type of diabetes is known as the type 2, also referred to as adult onset. Type 2 diabetes is considered as heavy, and in most cases diagnosed after age 35. The primary cause of type 2 diabetes varies from that of type 1. The main cause of type 2 diabetes is considered as a medical condition resulting in insulin resistance (Arcangelo et al. 2013). Given this, the early stages of type 2 diabetes see plenty insulin around, an aspect that does not work well. In treating patients suffering from type 2 diabetes, the proper emphasis is given to lifestyle changes such as the inclusion of exercise and dieting in life.
On the other hand, the use of oral medications such as insulin either with or without oral medications remains essential for individuals with this type of diabetes. In this case, it is vital to consider that type 2 diabetes accounts for close to 90 percent of all cases of diabetes in a country (Evia-Viscarra et al. 2016). Additionally, this type of diabetes is primarily associated with instances of heart diseases, hence detailing the essence of not only treating the glucose levels but also considers managing the blood and cholesterol levels.
Type of Drug Used to Treat Type 1 Diabetes
There are several methods utilized in the treatment of diabetes, with many of these approaches including the use of some form of drug therapies. The type of diabetes in this case, as well as the patient’s behavioral factors, impacts the treatment recommendations of this...