Evidence-Based Practice for Breast Cancer Literature Evaluation

Literature Review
Student’s Name
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Literature Review
           Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women, and women experience anxiety, distress, and depression after a breast cancer diagnosis. Breast cancer incidence rates are higher among African-American women than among Caucasian women (Watkins et al., 2017). Also, African-Americans with breast cancer experience more deteriorating symptom distress and overall cancer-related distress from the time of diagnosis to post-treatment (Yee et al., 2017). These women require sufficient patient support to help reduce cancer-related distress, anxiety, and depression. A culturally sensitive, nurse-led psychoeducation intervention is proposed to help address this nurse practice problem. The PICOT statement is as follows:
In African-American women with breast cancer (P), does providing culturally sensitive, nurse-led psychoeducation (I) in comparison to standard nursing care (C) reduce cancer-related anxiety, distress, and depression (O) from diagnosis to post-treatment (T)?
Search Strategy
           In the literature search, several databases, which included EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and CINAHL, were used. Keywords and key terms to be used in search of the literature, together with their synonyms, were identified. Boolean operators “AND” and “OR” were used to connect the key terms and keywords in the literature search. This ensured that all identified keywords/terms were included in the search, thus widening the search results. The keywords/ terms used in the search were psychoeducational intervention, nurse-led psychoeducation, breast cancer patients, cancer survivors, newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, symptom distress, and cancer-related anxiety/distress/depression.
Synthesis of Literature
           Schulman-Green and Jeon (2017) investigated the effectiveness of a psychoeducational intervention in improving self-management and reducing depression, anxiety, and uncertainty among breast cancer patients using a one-group, pre-post-test study. The participants were 110 female patients aged 21 years and above with non-metastatic breast cancer. A seven-module psychoeducational intervention called Managing Cancer Care (MCC) was utilized. The study revealed that the intervention positively influenced depression, anxiety, and uncertainty and improved self-management. Thus, this study proves the effectiveness of psychoeducational interventions in reducing anxiety and depression among breast cancer patients.
           Weis et al. (2020) assessed the effect of a psychoeducation program on self-efficacy, coping processes, and fear of recurrence among breast cancer survivors. A non-randomized trial involving 50 women with breast cancer was conducted. A six-session psychoeducation intervention was used, and the results revealed that the intervention improved self-efficacy and reduced fear of progression but had no significant effect on depressive symptoms. Thus, this study provides evidence that psychoeducation addresses cancer-related concerns.
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