Safety Incident Report: Potential Lines of Inquiry

SAFETY INCIDENT REPORT
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Incident Details
On the night of May 15, 2023, a runway accident occurred for the landing section at Paris Orly Airport. The incident involved XYZ Airlines, Flight XYZ123, a Boeing 737-800 aircraft. There were 154 passengers and six crew members on board. Despite the event's severity, all passengers and crew members evacuated the aircraft by the available slides, resulting in only minor injuries. However, the plane sustained significant damages, meeting the criteria for classification as an accident beneath ICAO Annex 13.
Lines of Inquiry
1 Unstabilized Approach
Preliminary information suggests that the flight crew said an unstable condition characterized by high speed and a high descent rate. The cockpit voice recorder (CVR) transcripts printed that the crew attempted to stabilize the condition late, potentially contributing to the runway excursion.
2 Adverse Weather
Weather reviews indicated the presence of robust crosswinds and heavy rain during the incident. The runway surface was moist and slippery due to the rain, posing additional challenges at the landing.
3 Incorrect Information for Landing
The flight crew received out-of-date or incorrect data regarding the runway situation and crosswind limits from the pre-flight briefing. The information provided by air control did not precisely mirror the exact weather prerequisites at the airport.
4 Aircraft Malfunctions
Preliminary findings indicate that there were no instant signs of mechanical malfunctions or system hitch-ups that should have precipitated the runway excursion. However, a complete examination is underway to rule out hidden malfunctions.
5 Internal Crew Factors
The investigation highlighted practicable crew resource management (CRM) issues. Communication breakdown and inadequate coordination within the flight crew were observed, mainly to delayed corrective actions for the condition section.
Analysis
1 The unstable approach was a huge contributing factor to the runway excursion. The flight crew's report of high pace and high descent price shows an unstabilized approach, which accelerated the workload and challenges for the crew in controlling the aircraft's trajectory during the landing. This, in turn, created a higher hazard of deviation from the runway centerline and potential excursion.
2 The dangerous climate conditions, consisting of strong crosswinds and heavy rain, similarly complicated the landing. These weather elements adversely affected the aircraft's managing traits and the runway's surface conditions, making it extra hard for the flight crew to manage and execute a protected landing.
3 Receiving old-fashioned or flawed information regarding the runway circumstance and crosswind limits contributed to the crew's decision-making challenges. Inaccurate information throughout the pre-flight briefing and from air traffic control led to a misperception of the actual conditions, potentially influencing the crew's judgment and strategy.
4 Although no direct evidence of mechanical malfunctions or system disasters was found, a thorough examination of the aircraft is crucial to ensure that no hidden fac...