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Health, Medicine, Nursing
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English (U.S.)
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Topic:

Diet for Adults with Diabetes

Coursework Instructions:

Pleases all reference should be 5 years or less.
Resources that are Not Allowed:
Drugs.com
WebMD
Mayo/Cleveland Clinic
Medscape
UptoDate should not be used in place of clinical practice guidelines. I strongly discourage the use of UptoDate as a primary reference.
John is a 46-year-old male who presents for his yearly physical examination. He has no complaints. Previous medical history is notable for obesity and hyperlipidemia. He reports a very sedentary lifestyle. He sits at a desk for 8 to 10 hours per day and when he comes home he “just wants to relax in front of the television.” He doesn’t feel motivated enough to exercise on a regular basis, although he knows he should.
John is allergic to penicillin (hives). Medications include atorvastatin 10mg daily and a multivitamin. He occasionally takes acetaminophen for a headache.
Family history is significant for diabetes (mother, maternal grandmother, paternal grandfather) and hypertension (father and brother). He is a nonsmoker and reports drinking “a few beers on the weekend during football season”. His diet largely consists of fast food meals. He drinks sweet tea with every meal and an additional 3-4 cups of coffee per day. Previous labs and exam last year are unremarkable.
Vitals today: BP 130/70 mm Hg, pulse 82 and regular, temperature 98.7, respirations 18, height 6’1”, weight 235 pounds (up 3 lbs. since his visit 1 year ago). He completed fasting labs prior to this appointment as he was instructed which reveal the following:
Fasting plasma glucose=209 mg/dl, HgbA1C=9.1%, TSH=4.0mU/L and Free T4=1.1 ng/dl. Fasting lipid panel includes the following: total cholesterol=190 mg/dL, HDL=35 mg/dL, LDL=120 mg/dL and triglycerides=260 mg/dL.
Physical exam is remarkable for obesity but is otherwise normal.
Question
For his diet, what are some best evidence-based diets we can recommend for this patient to help control diabetes?

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Discussion Week 1
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Discussion Week 1
Adults with diabetes have to maintain a strict diet so that they can have good health. The case involves John, a 46-year-old male who has a very sedentary lifestyle and has been diagnosed with diabetes. His diet consists of mainly fast foods and sugars which is not a good option for a person who has diabetes (Grajower & Horne, 2019). Since he is obese, the recommended evidence-based diets will focus on several goals. It is important to encourage healthy eating patterns, which will ensure they can attain individualized lipid, glycemic, and blood pressure goals. The patient also needs to maintain a healthy weight while also preventing or delaying complications related to diabetes.
The diet will consist of three major components, which are fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. This ensures that the patient gets the requires calories in a day while also reducing their weight since they are already obese. The carbohydrate intake should be moderate, amounting to 45% of the patient's total energy intake (Gray, 2019). According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), the carbohydrates should be from a nutrient-dense source that is high in fiber, such as whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables. The recommended intake is 20-35 g of fiber per day from vegetables and unprocessed grains (Gray, 2019). Suppose the individual has to follow a fixed dose of insulin per day. In that case, the carbohydrate intake should also follow the amount and time recommended to minimize the risk of hypoglyc...
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