Bilingual Education and the New Requirements for English Language Learners

Short Answer Questions: Answer the following questions as short answer form
QUESTION 1
1 According to Garcia define the components of Bilingual education.
Bilingual education entails the use of two languages in delivering instruction and assessment of learners. It is characterized by language shift, language maintenance, and language addition.
UESTION 2
1 According to Crawford, why have Bilingual educators NOT done their job informing the public regarding Bilingual Education?
Bilingual educators have not done their job because other than providing the basic reading and arithmetic materials to the public, these educators have done very little in providing commercial materials to support the education, especially focusing on more advanced learning stages. Besides, there has also been a lack of proper cultural representation in curriculum materials, which makes it difficult for the learners to relate what they learn to their cultures.
QUESTION 3
1 Discuss the varying reasons why immigrant and refugee parents and families may not respond to invitations to participate in their child's schooling.  
Refugee parents and families may not respond to invitations to participate in their child’s schooling because of the varying expectations between parents and educators in their respective countries. Besides, these parents suffer from limited English skills, which lower their confidence about coming to school.
QUESTION 4
1
Discuss how the ESSA has changed the requirements for English Language Learners.
One of the changes is the standardization of the entry and exit procedures for English language learners across the state. Each state has to create a uniform process for identifying English learners and assigning them services.  

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QUESTION 5
1 What is a common reason parent’s fear bilingualism? As a bilingual educator, what research and/or information might you provide the parents of your students to counter their fears?
One of the common reasons for parents’ fear of bilingualism is that it will result in confusion of their children. They also fear that this confusion will lead to speech delay. As a bilingual educator, I will present such parents with scientific evidence that confirms that bilingualism does not lead to speech delays and instead improves a child’s language proficiency.
QUESTION 6
1 Describe the differences between BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills) and CALP ( Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency). Why are these theoretial constructs important to grasp when thinking about Emergent Bilinguals?
The main difference between BICS and CALP is that the former refers to conversational fluency in a given language whereas the latter is the learner’s ability to understand and express in both oral and written modes the concepts and ideas relevant to success in their learning institution. Understanding these theoretical constructs is important as it helps education professionals to understand why some Emergent Bilinguals may speak well in certain social situations but lag behind their peers academically.
Essay Questions: Answer the following ...