Questions on Evolution and Early Art

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Questions
Question One
Evolution refers to the process through which living things are said to have developed over time since earth’s history. The Darwin theory of evolution focuses on natural selection as the process through which organism survives and multiply. The process is also known as adaptation, where the organisms with the best traits stand a higher chance of survival than animals with undesirable traits. The main sources of variability in populations are mutation, sexual reproduction, and gene flow. Gene mutation causes variability by altering an individual’s genetic composition. Sexual reproduction also results in the transfer of certain traits from one person to another, thus causing variation. Gene flow also causes variability because it introduces genetic material to other species (Winegard et al., 2020). Reproductive success is more important than survival for the fittest because it ensures the continuation of generations. Survival for the fittest is only focused on the current generation, and if every member of the population were to die, there would be no future generations. Hence it is more accurate to focus on reproductive success.
Question Two
The Neanderthals and the modern man share similar DNA. However, the DNA for the modern man has mutated over the years, thus explaining their different characteristics. The main difference between the Neanderthals and the modern man is in their body structure. The Neanderthals were large and physically stronger than the modern man. The modern man is also more intelligent than the Neanderthal, whose cranial capacity was high. The modern man is living while the Neanderthals are extinct. The Neanderthal also had a larger mandible than the modern man. The similarities between these two are that they belong to the same species, have similar DNA, and came from the same ancestor approximately 700,000 years ago (Nishiaki & Jöris, 2019). The interaction between the Neanderthals and the...