Indian and Pakistani Border Dispute Kashmir

THE INDIA-PAKISTAN REGIONAL CONFLICT OVER KASHMIR
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Indian and Pakistani Border Dispute Kashmir
Historical accounts of armed conflicts witnessed around the world offer justification for the development of global conflict resolution initiatives, including the formation of the United Nations (UN) in 1945. The need to avoid the past atrocities of armed conflicts witnessed in the First and Second World Wars led to the development and implementation of international policies to enhance peaceful coexistence under the umbrella body of the UN CITATION Fey10 \l 1033 (Feyyaz, 2010). Among the functions of the international organization is finding amicable solutions to social, political, and economic conflicts between nations and even within individual countries. The United Nations employs a wide range of conflict resolution strategies to maintain peaceful international relations across the social, political, and economic domains. The organization partners with regional organizations to find solutions to conflicts whenever they emerge around the globe. The collaborative efforts often provide platforms for mediation, dialogues, and fostering agreements or treaties for the peaceful resolution of disputes CITATION Ahm21 \l 1033 (Ahmed, 2021).
Nonetheless, the presence of such initiatives and platforms for conflict resolution may fail to achieve the desired outcome. Regional disputes, for instance, prove to be among the major challenges facing global peacebuilding initiatives, as witnessed in different regions around the world. The India and Pakistan regional dispute over Kashmir is an excellent example of the challenges facing conflict resolution interventions embraced by regional and international organizations to promote peaceful coexistence. The regional dispute already features three wars between the two countries and countable attempts to find amicable solutions to the conflict that fail to establish lasting peace for the inhabitants of the contested region and within the warring states CITATION BBC19 \l 1033 (BBC, 2019). Provided herein is an investigation of the attempted resolution to the India-Pakistan regional dispute over Kashmir based on a detailed exploration of the conflict toward determining the efficacy of the peacebuilding efforts and the key takeaways from the same.
Background: The Major Cause and Origin of the Conflict
The territorial dispute between India and Pakistan over the Kashmir region began after the partitioning of British India by the British colonialists in August 1947 CITATION BBC19 \l 1033 (BBC, 2019). The majority of Muslim inhabitants of the British colony settled in the Pakistani state, while the Hindu majority formed the new state of India. The British India colony comprised princely states, such as Kashmir and Jammu, which would be let to decide their fates by choosing between becoming independent states and joining either Pakistan or India after the partitioning CITATION Ank16 \l 1033 (Ankit, 2016). The princely state of Kashmir formed the region between the newly formed independent states of India and Pakistan. Both countries claim the region's perceived economic, political, and social merits to their overall growth and developm...