Refugee Settlement Policies in Australia. Social Sciences. Case Study

Refugee Settlement Policies in Australia
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Refugee Settlement Policies in Australia
Australia has long been recognized as an alternative destination for refugees who out of fear of persecution in their home country flee for safety. It is this reason that justifies Australia’s actions towards such victims. The numbers seeking a stay in Australia rose significantly after the Second World War considering the thousands of Vietnamese at the center of Saigon in 1975 as well as frequent conflicts in the Middle East (Collins et al. 2018). This specific group requires much more attention when it comes to settlement support more than the rest of newcomers in the country. In this case, non-governmental agencies dominate the cause for delivery of settlement services while for-profit institutions are primarily present “in Australia’s onshore and offshore immigration detention centers.”Despite their major involvement, it is surprising that the government is the primary body that formulates policies in the hindsight that it benefits the public whereas they fail to establish a direct relationship with the precise end-users. In a typical fashion, they claim to serve the public interest, meet their needs, and work for taxpayers, and so on. This mode of governance garners attention taking into account its ineffectiveness. Retrospectively, multi-level governance (MLG) reckons into space because of its ability to transform the state from both vertical and horizontal levels and its consequent success.
MLG provides an avenue through which intergovernmental relations and their dynamics can be studied thoroughly. The concept raises important questions and perspectives considering the control that federalism holds (Fawcett and Marsh 2017). However, the goal of this concept is never to replace one ideology with another. Contrastingly, the concept advocates that systems “can build on federalism’s central focus on federal-state relations by drawing attention to the different scales and network of actors that play an increasingly active role in the policymaking process” (p. 58). Eventually, better governance coupled with its potential impact can be articulated. This position differs from that of the drafters of the Canadian Constitution who sought to strengthen their central government who reacted to the ‘weak’ United States Constitution, which had partly led to the American Civil War. When it came to the formulation of the Australian constitution, the framers had an opportunity to learn from those of both North American nations. However, the American one was chosen as the most appropriate. The thing with the American one is that it had “exclusive pre-eminence in the area of immigration” as states abandoned their functions in immigration, particularly after the First World W...