Worldview Analysis and Personal Inventory. Medicine Research Paper

WORLDVIEW ANALYSIS AND PERSONAL INVENTORY
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In 250-300 words, explain the Christian perspective of the nature of spirituality and ethics in contrast to the perspective of postmodern relativism within health care.
What is scientism?
According to CITATION Tom94 \l 1033 (Sorell, 1994), ‘Scientism is a matter of putting too high a value on natural science in comparison with other branches of learning or culture.’ Scientism is different from science in that it is speculative and its definition of the ultimate reality of the universe and its meaning. On the other hand, science is the process characterized by clearly defined steps to explore any subject in a bid to expand our understanding about it. Thus, scientism philosophy believes that the only knowledge we have about reality is and can only be tested and verified in hard sciences. Anything that is outside the scope of natural sciences specifically physics and chemistry such as theological, ethical, political perspectives are matters of emotion and private opinions.
Two of the main arguments against Scientism
One of the main arguments about scientism is that it is self-refuting. Strong definitions of scientism contradict themselves in defining scientism. The very definition of scientism that defines it as the only source of knowledge we have about the reality that has been properly tested rests only in hard sciences is philosophical. Philosophy is outside hard sciences which scientism perceives cannot be true and therefore the statement is in itself, self-refuting. Secondly, weak scientism is an enemy of science. Philosophy, upon which scientism is pegged allows scientists to formulate and defend some assumptions of science and allows them to be taken as true and rational. Since the validity of a scientific theory is based on the assumptions it rests then disregarding the rationality of philosophy then weak scientism disallows the clarification of these assumptions.
(a) What is the ultimate reality?
The ultimate reality is that we humans chase happiness throughout our lives and it can only be achieved by living in the present. This assertion is pegged on the assumption that we humans are trying to avoid pain as much as possible and maximize pleasure and happiness. Therefore, the goal of life is to be happy. If the goal of life is to be happy, then only the present can give you that happiness because the future and the past denies us of the same. Happiness cannot be achieved in the future because it will remain an elusive destination because of our innate desires and wants that keep changing as we encounter more knowledge and experience. The past is already gone and there is nothing that can be done to fix it or relive the pleasure of it. Thus, the only moment that matters is now and therefore only in the present moment can a man have the control to avoid pain and or maximize pleasure. Those who so wish to be happy and lead fulfilling lives should focus on maintaining control of the environment and his/her thoughts to access happiness.
(b) What is the nature of the universe?
The universe is infinite energy that is self-sufficient, intelligent and ever expanding. It is impossible to explain or imagine the size of it. It...