Midterm Exam For Psychology Psychology Multiple Choice Questions

Midterm Exam For Psychology

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ⅠChoose the coorect Single answer for the quesitons.

1.Body organs first begin to form and function during the period of the__________ ; within 6 months, during the period of the_____________ , the organs are sufficiently functional to allow a chance of survival.

a. zygote; embryo

b. zygote; fetus

c. embryo; fetus

d. placenta; fetus

2. In Erikson’s stages, the primary task during adolescence is

a. attaining formal operations.

b. forging an identity.

c. developing a sense of intimacy with another person.

d. living independent of parents

3. Although development is lifelong, there is stability of personality over time. For example,

a. most personality traits emerge in infancy and persist throughout life.

b. temperament tends to remain stable throughout life.

c. few people change significantly after adolescence.

d. people tend to undergo greater personality changes as they age.

4. Primary sex characteristics relate to ____; secondary sex characteristics refer to_______ .

a. ejaculation; menarche

b. breasts and facial hair; ovaries and testes

c. emotional maturity; hormone surges

d. reproductive organs; nonreproductive traits

5. Factors contributing to unplanned teen pregnancies include

a. low levels of testosterone during adolescence.

b. higher intelligence level.

c. too much communication.

d. alcohol use.

6. Sensory adaptation helps us focus on

a. visual stimuli.

b. auditory stimuli.

c. constant features of the environment.

d. important changes in the environment.

7.In listening to a concert, you attend to the solo instrument and perceive the orchestra as accompaniment. This illustrates the organizing principle of

a. figure-ground.

b. shape constancy.

c. grouping.

d. depth perception.

8. Which of the following ESP phenomena is supported by solid, replicable scientific evidence?

a. Telepathy

b. Clairvoyance

c. Precognition

d. None of these answers

9. A restaurant is running a special deal. After you buy four meals at full price, your fifth meal will be free. This is an example of a schedule of reinforcement.

a. fixed-ratio

b. variable-ratio

c. fixed-interval

d. variable-interval

10. Most experts agree that repeated viewing of TV violence

a. makes all viewers significantly more aggressive.

b. has little effect on viewers.

c. dulls viewers’ sensitivity to violence.

d. makes viewers angry and frustrated.

11. Long-term potentiation (LTP) refers to

a. emotion-triggered hormonal changes.

b. the role of the hippocampus in processing explicit memories.

c. an increase in a cell’s firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation.

d. aging people’s potential for learning.

12.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a creative person?

a. Expertise

b. Extrinsic motivation

c. A venturesome personality

d. Imaginative thinking skills

13. The existence of savant syndrome seems to support

a. Sternberg’s distinction among three types of intelligence.

b. criticism of multiple intelligence theories.

c. Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences.

d. Thorndike’s view of social intelligence.

14. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, our most basic needs are physiological, including the need for food and water; just above these are needs.

a. safety

b. self-esteem

c. belongingness

d. self-transcendence

15. Which of the following is NOT part of the evidence presented to support the view that humans are strongly motivated by a need to belong?

a. Students who rated themselves as “very happy” also tended to have satisfying close relationships.

b. Social exclusion—such as exile or solitary confinementis considered a severe form of punishment.

c. As adults, adopted children tend to resemble their biological parents and to yearn for an affiliation with them.

d. Children who are extremely neglected become withdrawn, frightened, and speechless.

Ⅱ Short Answers:

1.How do psychologists define motivation? From what perspectives do they view motivated behavior?

2.What events provoke stress responses, and how do we respond and adapt to stress?

3. Why has psychology generated so much research on the self? How important is self-esteem to psychology and to our well-being?

4. How do social-cognitive theorists view personality development, and how do they explore behavior?