Relationship between Perception and Cognition of the Oldest Pursuits in Psychology

Navon Experiment Lab Report
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Abstract
Understanding the relationship between the different parts and aspects of perception and cognition of the oldest pursuits in psychology. Because of the sheer importance of these two processes in individuals' learning and thinking processes, psychologists have utilized various experiments and studies to learn more about their secrets. Accordingly, this research utilizes the famous study regarding the relationship of these aspects, which is also known as the Navon Test. Using two global symbols ('O' and 'S'), which are both embedded with local symbols ('U' and 'H'), the researchers experimented with 261 university students (63 Male, 196 Female, 1 Non-binary, 1 NA) from Queensland University of Technology (QUT). The authors used the Dependent Variable of 'actual mean reaction time' and 'accuracy' and the Independent Variable, the subject or object, to determine whether there is a significant statistical difference between the two. After conducting the statistical test, this study found out that there are no significant differences between global-target (MRT = 738.94; MAC = 91.13) and local-target groups (MRT = 742.34; MAC = 92.76), which then strongly supported the Null Hypothesis (H0) that "pattern recognition is strongly influenced by the global context in which the pattern appears." Therefore, the results of the experiment supported the established knowledge that global-target perception strongly influences local-target perception.
Introduction
Understanding the relationship between perception and cognition is essential for any professional working in the psychological field. On the one hand, perception has been defined as "the consciousness of particular material things present to sense" CITATION Ang06 \l 1033 (Angell, 1906). On the other hand, cognition is primarily defined as "the symbolic (or conceptual) processing of information that is required for the central representation and organized of a response." Although recent studies show that these two aspects are independent of one another, some studies show that there is a significant relationship between them. For example, some believe that top-down cognitive processes assert that cognition significantly affects essential visual perception or that cognition can also influence even low-level perceptual processes of human beings CITATION Mic20 \l 1033 (Michel, 2020).
Recently, however, studies have been conducted regarding not only the presence of this relationship but even the very structures and processes that govern it. Additionally, this is further expanded by correlating how external and environmental factors could affect cognition and, ultimately, perception. In a 2017 study analyzed the relationship between perception and cognition by measuring activities in both the cortical and hippocampal structures of the brain. This study suggests that perception-related tests could determine possible impairments in the brain and even improve one's memory CITATION Ric17 \l 1033 (Richmond & Zacks, 2017).
In order to understand the relationship and influence of cognition to perception, it would be necessary to determine the importance of perception initially. Perceptu...