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3 pages/≈825 words
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Religion & Theology
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English (U.S.)
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Religions of the World According to Jesse Berring

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1.What is the basic argument that the evolutionary psychologist is making? What evidence does he cite as relevant to his theory? Do you agree or disagree with this hypothesis? (Provide a rational for your opinion). What are the larger implications of this work (if this theory is correct) on the large world religions? Are they simply social experiments run-amok or is there something more to supernatural beliefs that what is quantified in this study?
Is Believing In God Evolutionarily Advantageous? By alix spiegel
2.Rites of Passage are some of the most important rituals that a person goes through in his/her lifetime. You are presented with two videos showing the transition from girlhood to womanhood (Apache Girl's Rite of Passage) and from boyhood to manhood (Maasai Rites of Transition). Provide an example from your own experience/culture that also serves as a way to move people from childhood to adulthood. Be specific and highlight the important aspects of the ritual that serve to move a person through life. Also, can a person become an adult member of society without these rituals?
3.What are the underlying features of myths from the Mesopotamian tradition? How did these myths function and serve people in antiquity? What is the difference between myth and history? Do myths continue to have a valuable role in the 21st century?
4.There are many significant historical events that impact the development of Judaism. Of these three -- the Exodus from Egypt, the Destruction of the temple in 70 CE, and the Holocaust in the mid 20th century -- which is the most influential and has had the biggest impact on the religion? Select your event and describe why this one is the most significant.

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Religions of the World
The psychologist, Jesse Berring, posits that believing in God is an evolutionary process that plays a significant role in the interaction and integration of human beings across the different social dimensions. The evolutionary process begins with the development of the thought of a supernatural being watching over individual actions and thus dictating how they operate or relate with each other in society towards the promotion of social good. The psychologist’s study on the behavior of children and their adult counterparts with and without physical supervision of another human being and with a perceived supervision of a supernatural being reiterates on the influence of the a person’s belief in God or supernatural being in their lives CITATION Spi10 \l 1033 (Spiegel). The belief in the supernatural presence or God influences peoples’ behavior towards social good and promotes cooperation for the achievement of the same in society CITATION Spi10 \l 1033 (Spiegel). One would argue for the hypothesis by arguing that a person’s or society’s belief in the supernatural creates an unspoken code of conduct in reverence to God or the supernatural belief system embraced by a given group of people. The belief system is integral to the cultural orientation of members of a given group as it dictates how they relate to each other in their daily lives. Such is the case for a majority of the religions in the world as they are characteristic of unique ways of doing things, most of which advocate for people’s well-being at both the individual and collective levels. The experiment, however, fails to highlight the detailed manifestations of the supernatural belief system to address the differences witnessed in some of the values and principles upheld by different religious groups concerning their relationship to God or whatever is their revered supernatural being.
The puberty ceremony makes for a significant point of transition among the Apache girls into womanhood. The four-day ceremony is a traditional rite of passage in the community held after they have experienced their first menstrual and functions to bring them closer to the community’s model woman, Esdzanadehe CITATION Nun16 \l 1033 (Nunez). The transition from boyhood to manhood among the Maasai community is also characteristic of ritual activities such as spending the night in the forest for the potential initiates, singing, dancing, and eating large volumes of meet. Circumcision of the boys marks or rather completes the transition into manhood, which allows them to carry out the responsibilities of a warrior and the community’s protector. Such practices are rare in today’s world with only the conservative communities still pursing such rites of passage. One of the rites of passage in today’s world that is symbolic of the transition from childhood to adulthood is the prom night event or ceremony. The event features both high school seniors and juniors with a themed formal dressing among participants for both ma...
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