Technology as Progress: Artificial Intelligence

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Artificial intelligence has already been extensively researched, but it remains one of computer science's most enigmatical topics. It is mainly due to the vastness and obscurity of the subject. Artificial intelligence varies from highly smart types of machinery to search algorithms used in board games. It has applications in nearly all facets of how people use computers in society (Wang). However, technology produces victors and losers. Artificial intelligence and automation developments can both save labor and increase global inequality and poverty (Korinek et al.).
The origins of artificial intelligence go back to the time of 1940s. The concept of nonliving resurrecting as intelligent species has been there for a while now. Robotic systems were mythological to the ancient Greeks, and Chinese and Egyptian engineers created automatons. The field of artificial intelligence was formally established in 1956, at a conference held at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, during which the term "artificial intelligence" was coined. Marvin Minsky, an MIT cognitive scientist, and those who participated in the event were wildly optimistic about AI's future. However, creating an artificially intelligent being was not so easily possible. The "AI winter" occurred between 1974 and 1980. The government's interest in artificial intelligence has waned as a result of numerous reports criticizing its development, prompting them to halt funding in this field. The field was resurrected in 1980 when the British government began funding it again. The British government did this to compete with Japan's advancements. From 1987 to 1993, the field experienced another major winter, which coincided with the collapse of the market for some of the early general-purpose computers and reduced government funding. Following that, research resumed, and in 1997, IBM's Deep Blue defeated Russian grandmaster Garry Kasparov to become the first computer to defeat a chess champion. In 2011, IBM's Watson question-answering system defeated reigning champions Brad Rutter and Ken Jennings on the quiz show "Jeopardy!" Eugene Goostman, a talking computer "chatbot," made headlines this year for duping judges into thinking he was a real flesh-and-blood human during a Turing test, a competition devised by British mathematician and computer scientist Alan Turing in 1950 to determine whether a machine is intelligent. However, the achievement has sparked debate, with artificial intelligence experts trying to claim that only one-third of the judges were duped, and pointing out that the bot was able to avoid some questions by claiming to be an adolescent who spoke English as a second language. Numerous experts now presume that the Turing test does not accurately measure artificial intelligence. As a result, scientists intended to create an enhanced version of the test. However, the field of AI has expanded far beyond the order to pursue true, humanlike intelligence (Wang). Although artificial intelligence technology is still in its nascent stage, it has already played a pioneering role in the twenty-first century. To summarize, artificial intelligence has come a long way and has experienced a series of booms ...