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Topic:

General and Specific Deterrence

Essay Instructions:

Discussion Post:
Post a response that addresses the following:
Describe the differences between general and specific deterrence.
Identify a nonviolent crime. Then describe the sanctions used for the crime in your state. Do the existing sanctions adequately deter crime? Why or why not?
Provide an argument about whether a restorative justice approach would be more or less effective to deter the nonviolent crime you selected.
Learning Resources:
Bourassa, C. (2019). Deterrence theoryLinks to an external site.. In Salem Press encyclopedia.
Braithwaite, J. (2018). Minimally sufficient deterrenceLinks to an external site.. Crime and Justice: A Review of Research,47(1), 69–118.
Links to an external site.
Brooks, T. (2017). Punitive restoration and restorative justiceLinks to an external site.. Criminal Justice Ethics, 36(2), 122–140.
Centre for Justice and Reconciliation. (2019a). Lesson 3: Programs. In Tutorial: Introduction to restorative justice. 
Chang, W. K. (2018). When my community met the other: Competing concepts of “community” in restorative justice. Canadian Journal of Law and Society, 32(3), 371–390.
Garder, E. (2016, February 2). An invitation to community: Restorative justice circles for intimate partner violence. Tikkun. 
Pavelka, S., & Thomas, D. (2019). The evolution of balanced and restorative justice. Juvenile & Family Court Journal, 70(1), 37–58.
National Institute of Justice. (2016). Five things about deterrence.
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. (n.d.-b). Balanced and restorative justice practice: Accountability. In Guide for implementing the balanced and restorative justice model. 
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. (n.d.-d). Balanced and restorative justice practice tools. In Guide for implementing the balanced and restorative justice model. 
Note: Focus on Table 6.
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. (n.d.-f). Role changes in balanced and restorative justice. In Guide for implementing the balanced and restorative justice model. 
Dancig-Rosenberg, H., & Gal, T. (2013). Restorative criminal justiceLinks to an external site.. Cardozo Law Review, 34, 2313–2343.
Horan, R. N. (2015). Restorative justice: The relevance of desistance and psychology. Safer Communities, 14(3), 147–155.

Essay Sample Content Preview:


Restorative Justice
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Instructor
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Restorative Justice
Criminal justice has long debated the best ways to prevent crimes and repair society afterward. Furthermore, recognizing the delicate balance between deterrence and restoration is crucial. It is also crucial to explain these notions to the public (Young, 2019).
The concept of deterrence is that fear of punishment deters crime. In essence, deterrence has two categories(Braithwaite, 2018). First, general deterrence tries to strike terror in the population. Punishing one perpetrator deters others from committing similar offenses. Secondly, specified deterrence aims to prevent known criminals from reoffending. Though some believe in deterrence, others say it does not address the core reasons for crimes.
A common nonviolent offense, shoplifting, is typically considered trivial. Many states have harsh sanctions. Some 

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