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Essay Available:
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2 pages/≈550 words
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Style:
APA
Subject:
Psychology
Type:
Essay
Language:
English (U.S.)
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Topic:

Fundamental Features of Chromosomes

Essay Instructions:

Hello, I need some help.
The useful information are in the uploaded file(s).
Please help me with QUESTION ONE ONLY.
READ ALL THE QUESTIONS CAREFULLY, IT IS VERY IMPORTANT.
The suggested textbook is:
Introduction to Biopsychology. By John P. J. Pinel (Author).
You can access some of the textbook materials from this internet link.
http://academic(dot)uprm(dot)edu/~ephoebus/id42.htm
ALL the needed information are in this message and uploaded file(s).
If there is anything with regards to the answers required/expected, you all can make the decisions, I trust that you all will try your best when answering the question.
Thank you.

Essay Sample Content Preview:
Question 1 (40 marks)
* Discuss the differences between genotype and phenotype.
A genotype is defined by the genes embedded in an organism’s deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). It is passed from the parent to the offspring, and the same genotype produces the same phenotype. The genotype is constant throughout life.
By contrast, a phenotype is the interpretation of the genotype, and it presents as physical characteristics. It cannot be inherited from the parents. Moreover, it is influenced by genotype and environmental factors.
(b) Discuss the fundamental features of the human chromosomes. Examine how this
knowledge aids our understanding of sex-linked inheritance.
Chromosomes can be found within the nucleus of human and plant cells. Each consists of a protein and one DNA. It is passed from the parents to their children, and the DNA contains the instructions on the offspring, thereby manipulating the latter’s internal and external processes and appearance. The mother and the father each provide half of the chromosomes.
Chromosomes are paired, and the human body has twenty-three of them, garnering a total of forty-six DNA strands. The twenty-two pairs are the autosomes, and the twenty-third pair is the sex chromosome. The former is responsible for the inheritance of characteristics, while the latter is responsible for the sex-linked inheritance because it contains the chromosomes for female (XX) and male (XY).
Sex-linked inheritance is due to a sex-linked trait located at the allosome, particularly at the X chromosome, which contains more genes than the Y chromosome. Since males only have one copy and females have two copies of the X chromosome, as mentioned earlier, males are usually affected by the disruptions in the X chromosome. In females, the unaffected X chromosome can mask the disruptions in the first X chromosome, leading to the lack of manifestations in most X-linked diseases.
(c) Discuss the process known as meiosis. How does this differ from mitosis?
Meiosis is responsible for producing sex cells, where ...
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