Theories on American Juvenile Criminal Justice System

Juvenile Delinquency
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Juvenile Delinquency
The current juvenile crime theories like Rational Choice and bio-sociological concepts have aided the restorative justice system in establishing its purpose, programs, punishments, and reactions to adolescent crimes. The bio-sociological approach confirms the impact of inner and outer forces on a criminal, while the rational choice theory determines the potential sensible purposes behind the crime. All this has made a refined justice system for juveniles.
Modern research shows a solid and unbreakable connection between biological and social factors in designing juveniles' criminal tendencies. The most recent bio-sociological theories reject the old ideology that biological factors, stemming from social factors, shape a criminal mind. Instead, genetic inheritance combined with environmental elements is responsible for inviting adolescent offense (Lombroso 1876). For example, if a person has a hormonal deficiency genetically inherited by parents. When facing environmental issues like insults and lack of respect, he may tend to delinquency (Lombroso 1876). In this case, his biological features and social behaviors altogether impact his ability to self-control and ethical approach. Shortly, the current bio-sociological theories conform to the linkage between inner and outer forces in creating an offensive behavior of an adolescent.
Social capital is a person's ability to retain relationships in society for benefit. Various researches show that when it comes to relationships, family comes first. The peers do not cause as much emotional harm to an individual as the family background and pressures (Singh 2020). For example, a child suffering from familial abuse or violence is more prone to delinquency. Therefore, the most important thing to secure social capital is to prevent family issues in juveniles' lives. Also, the bio-sociological theory confirms that both biological and social forces contribute to making criminals (Lombroso 1876). The first thing to enhance social capital is fortifying the most critical social influence – family. Otherwise, an adolescent can easily indulge in crime.
The rational choice theory considers the juveniles aware of whatever offense they are doing. They are doing sensible things as per their incomplete i...