Epidemiology Research Study Report

Salmonella in the Caribbean
Name
Institutional Affiliation
Salmonella in the Caribbean
Population
People, Times, and Places
People, times, and places are necessary for the report's context. Based on the research study, the focus is on the Caribbean population. The time is between 1880 and the 2000s where the disease was more prevalent (CDC, 2016). The population which was at a high risk of attracting the disease were the tourist and local populations.
Social and Behavioral Determinants
Salmonella's three critical social and behavioral determinants include egg production farms, local health services, and the food production environment. The egg production farms contributed to the bacteria due to their unsanitary nature and poor behaviors such as the inability to practice sanitary practices (CDC, 2016). The local health services were also not imperative, creating a critical social environment, leading to the disease since they could not sustain it. Lastly, poor maintenance of the food production environment also increased disease transmissions, such as collecting eggs with blood shells and feces.
Disparities
The population health disparities include time-consuming processes, creating disease management in the upper social class, and lack of effective awareness. First, the disease management was time-consuming. An example from the case is egg contamination due to poor time management. Second, the disparity was also evident due to a lack of awareness of the disease leading to more contaminated eggs. Lastly, putting the disease management at the upper hand reduced effective reduction of the disease (CDC, 2016). Therefore, the identified disparities were critical for disease transmission.
Determinants and Disparities
There is a strong relationship between the identified disparities and the behavioral determinants. The link is attributed to low awareness of disease transmission. Lack of awareness contributed to increased disease transmission. Furthermore, behavior and social disparities noted in egg production were linked to increased contamination. Instead, the upper authorities did not focus on effective and equitable disease management. Therefore, it can be noted that the disparities are correlated to the determinants.
Health Issue
Risk Factors
Risk factors promote disease transmission, either directly or indirectly. According to Ansari et al. (2017), risk factors should be managed to reduce Salmonella. The risk factors associated with Salmonella include consuming contaminated food. It was noted that the identified contaminations were linked to fruits, vegetables, poultry, and eggs (CDC, 2016). Another risk was linked to animal slaughter, such as dogs. Lastly, age was also a risk factor since the children below five years had a high chance of contamination (CDC, 2016). Therefore, the identified risk factors contribute to high chances of disease acquisition.
Mode of Transmission
The mode of transmission of Salmonella is noted to be linked to animal feces and consumption of contaminated foods. Consuming the foods without proper sanitation creates a loophole for the transmission process. The transmission may take a different direction, such as food chain or even human-to-human transmission. Th...