Define And Describe In Detail A Case-Control Study

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Question 1
A case-control study refers to an observation based study, whereby the deferring outcomes from the two research groups are compared based on some specific casual groups (Mann, 2014). Case-control studies are typically used to investigate and identify factors that contributes to a particular medical conditions by focusing and comparing the variables who have a certain conditions against individuals who are not affected by the exact conditions but otherwise related (Mann, 2014).
Case-control study is comprised of six key components, namely, study base, case definition (disease), controls, confounders, and analysis and section bias (Mann, 2014).
Study base refers to the population sample of the people who would be used in the study in the process of investigating the disease. These people include both the infected and uninfected people (Mann, 2014).
The case definition or the disease is a section that describes the newly diagnosed illness (Mann, 2014).
The controls represents the population sample who represents those who are without the illness. This groups is compared against the infected group to determine the impacts and risks factors of the disease (Mann, 2014).
Confounders address the factors or the constraints that could distort or conceal the actual effects of the exposures in the case definition (Mann, 2014).
Analysis part addresses on the manner on how the information was investigated and handled.
Selection bias attempts to answer the questions such as, were the population sample similar or were they normal (Steenland, 2013).
A control study is considered an analytical epidemiological study because uses the already known outcomes to trace and investigate the exposures. In other words, the researchers are always aware of subjects outcome’s before they are enrolled in their respective group (Meiri, 2013). In additional, the major objective of the study is to compare the between the diseased and the non-diseased in a bid to establish the possible association of a suspected risk factor or a variable to the illness, which is investigated by comparing between the two sample groups with regard to how frequently the risk factors or variables has affected each group retrospectively (Steenland, 2013).
A case-control study considered an observational study because the all process majorly focuses on determining the exposure to the risk factor of interest from each of the two groups of individuals and there is no attempted intervention is installed to change the course of the disease (Meiri, 2013).
Exposures refers to the interview cases and controls that acts as the disease agents. They include elements such as behaviours, smoking, food habit, environmental conditions. Typically, exposures precedes the outcome which is the disease (Meiri, 2013).
Outcomes(diseases) refers to the newly diagnosed disease, which is selected based on the disease status and the selection is done only after creating a precise criteria for defining the interest of the illness (Mann, 2014).
Case Control Study Timeline
1 The investigators first select the groups with the diseases then proceed to select those without.
2 ...