Executive Summary on Jennifer Jones' "Talk Like a Man"

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Homework 7
Part 1
One of the central ideas that the author Jennifer Jones talks about is that female politicians' involvement within the male-dominated political arena suggests masculine language adoption. Clinton exemplifies this on numerous occasions. After the September 11 attack, Clinton, as a senator, experienced a state of crisis. Clinton responded by involving herself with military affairs and national security. The former and the latter political dimensions are considered male-dominated areas. President Obama appointed Clinton as the Secretary of state (Jennifer 625-642). She was responsible for guiding the department of the United States and affecting the president and the state's foreign policy ideologies. Once more, she found herself in a political arena dominated by males specifically involved with masculine concerns such as international and state security, foreign affairs, and trade. Jennifer Jones also suggests that visible emotion and tears are feminine traits (Jennifer 625-642). She considers one of Clinton's responses during a political campaign when Clinton's voice seemed to waver for a short time, and it looked like she might cry.
Another central idea discussed in detail is that a female politician uses masculine language when interacting within the area she serves. Speech is a vital area where gender is often performed. Hence it presents dimensions for understanding self-presentational tactics used by female politicians to acquire authority and domination in a profession dominated by men. The author draws insights from work done by Pennebaker and colleagues, which states that speech conceals gender specificity. Consistent and reliable gender difference in linguistics style has been evident in studies examining many speech samples from women and men. The studies disclose that, in general, men tend to use articles, enormous words, nouns, prepositions, and anger, swear words more often compared to women (Jennifer 625-642).
On the other hand, women tend to use various types of verbs, expressive, social, tentative, social words, more often than men (Jennifer 625-642). Moreover, coding schemes for masculine language include referencing the expert source, insisting on one's achievements, and using statistics. On the other hand, coding schemes for feminine language include addressing the audience as peers, inviting audience participation, using personal anecdotes, using a unique tone, and inviting the audiences to trust their perception. Jennifer jones utilizes this information in supporting her central idea. She uses Clinton's linguistic style was as a case study. All debate transcriptions featuring Clinton between 1992 and 2013 and interview transcripts (including broadcast, cable TV, and newspaper) available on the Department of State and archived databases were included. Jennifer jones analyzed the masculine and feminine linguistic markers employing Linguistic inquiry and Word count, a text analysis program. In every transcription, she deduced a feminine to the masculine ratio by using feminine linguistic markers and dividing by the sum of masculine linguistic markers.
Using the results, Jennifer figured that in 1992-96 while Clinton was campaigning for Bi...