Coursework Questions 2: Internal And External Environment

Coursework Questions 2 Student’s Name Institution Coursework Questions 2 Question one An organization can determine the need for organization change from forces in the internal and external environment. From the external environment, the organization must pay careful attention to factors such as the economy, market niche, demographic shifts, technology, government laws and regulations, and change in social/human needs (Russell & Russell, 2006). A change in one or some of these factors may force the organization to change to survive. In the internal environment, the factors, according to Russell and Russell (2006), include performance challenges, change in leadership and vision, employee dissatisfaction, and new ideas. Monitoring the forces in the environments allows the organization to undertake a successful change rather than a forced one. The process of change according to Russell and Russell (2006) begins with creating a felt need for change. This is similar to Kurt Levin’s unfreezing stage where the leader creates a sense of urgency among members of the organization for change need. This stage aims at dismantling the status quo. The next step is the introduction of change by offering a new vision for the future. The third step involves a revising and finalizing the change plan by integrating the suggestions and ideas of employees into the new vision (Russell & Russell, 2006). The final step involves the stabilization and sustenance of the change. Question 2 Step 1: Identifying and meeting stakeholders. In this step, the project manager meets with projects stakeholders and discusses their interests and expectations and establishes the baselines for budget, project scope, and timeline (Bonnie, 2018). Step 2: Setting and prioritizing project goals. From the stakeholder interests, the project manager develops and prioritizes goals. In this step, clear project objectives, as well as the benefits the project manager hopes to achieve, are established. Step 3: Definition of project deliverables. In this step, the project manager identifies the deliverables and the steps required to achieve the goals set. Furthermore, the project manager establishes the specific output expected after the completion of the project. Step 4: Development of project schedule. In this step, the manager examines each deliverable and defines the activities that must be carried out in order to accomplish each. Besides, the project manager determines that amount of time it would take to carry out each activity. Step 5: Risk identification and assessment. The project manager identifies the potential risks that the project may encounter and how to mitigate them. Earlier identification of risk means mitigation plans are made early enough. Step 6: Presentation of project strategy to stakeholders. Here, the project manager explains how he or she intends to meet the expectations of the stakeholders. Question 3 Functional Organizational Structure This is the most widely utilized structure and its advantages include grea...