Concurrency Control and Transaction Management

Concurrency Control and Transaction Management
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Concurrency Control and Transaction Management
A multiuser database system is more likely to have multiple users accessing or modifying the same set of data at the same time, leading to conflict and loss of integrity for data. Concurrency control (CC) is a mechanism used to preserve the integrity in such a scenario and can be categorized into two: pessimistic concurrency and optimistic concurrency (Korotkevitch, 2018). Pessimistic concurrency assumes the worst-case scenario and utilizes locking to prevent conflict. Pessimistic CC using two-phased locking mechanisms can handle highly contented jobs because of the serialized nature of operations. Also, pessimistic CC is a proactive conflict resolution mechanism in a database, using preventive mechanisms to avoid conflicts (Pandey & Shanker, 2020). However, because of the serialized nature of subsequent updates, pessimistic locking may unnecessarily stall read transactions by the write transaction, prolonging the time intervals for performing updates.
Transaction in SQL refers to the sequ...