Answer Learning Outcomes / Chapter 17 Nervous System

Answer Learning Outcomes / Chapter 17 Nervous System Name Institution Date ANSWER LEARNING OUTCOME / Chapter 17 Nervous System Chapter 17 Nervous SystemPlease answer the below questions (the learning outcomes) from the textbook I attached the textbook. Answer and discuss each learning outcome in 2 or 3 sentences.Your answer will be like this: example: Chapter 1 1.1 The characteristics of life are: ........ In your answer, be sure to define new biological terms such as homeostasis.17.1 Learning Outcomes: Nervous Tissue 1. Compare and contrast the location and function of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system Chapter 17 1.1 The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord, and is located in the midline of the body. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of nerves that carry sensory messages to the CNS and motor commands from the CNS to the muscles and glands. The two nervous systems are anatomically and functionally distinct, but they work together and are connected to one another. 2. Describe the basic structure of a neuron and compare the functions of the three classes of neurons. Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system, and the neurons composed of a set of cells or cell body, and these cells have a nucleus dendrites and axons that allow them to communicate with each other and send and receive the nerve impulses. There are three types of neurons the sensory neurons, interneurons and motor neurons. The sensory neurons carry nerve information to the CNS and sensory receptors that are endings. It is these neurons that allow people receive sensory information and send it to the brain and spinal cord. The interneurons lie within the CNS and can receive input from sensory neurons and also from other interneurons in the CNS. The motor neurons take messages away from the CNS to an effector such as organ and muscle fiber, and the effectors carry out our responses to environmental changes. 3. Explain the structure, function, and locations of myelin. Myelin is a lipid rich fatty substance that covers or accompanies axons and is necessary in the conduction of nervous impulses maintaining axonal integrity and the myelin sheath protects the nerve cells. Myelin is found in the CNS myelin and PNS myelin. 17.2 Learning Outcomes: Transmission of Nerve Impulses Upon completion of this section, you should be able to 1. Summarize the activities that generate and propagate an action potential.Action potential refers to the rapid change in polarity across an axonal membrane as the nerve impulse occurs. In synapse, the action potential arrives at an axon terminal, Ca 2+ enters, and synaptic vesicles fuse with the presynaptic membrane. This is followed by the release of neurotransmitter molecules and then excitatory neurotransmitter binds to a receptor. The Na + diffuses into the postsynaptic neuron, and the action potential begins. 2. Describe saltatory conductionThis is the process where the action potential travels faster in myelinated axons than in nonmyelinated axon because they are concentrated at the nodes of Ranvier conduction. 3. Define synaptic integration. Synaptic integration is the process by which all the post-synaptic excitatory potentials that reach a neuron at a give...