Virtue Theory: Justifications on Termination of Pregnancy

Fetal Abnormality
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Introduction
The sanctity of human life cannot be debated and is almost unanimous that human life must be protected by all means. However, there are certain aspects that arise which bring about the need to soften the stand taken on this issue. For instance, when it comes to abortion, there has been mixed arguments as to whether it is morally sound for women to be allowed to have abortion. In cases where the life of the mother is in danger or in cases of rape, then abortion is seemingly justified. However, when it comes to cases of fetal abnormality, there is uncertainty and there is divergent of opinions as to what is considered morally right (Hare, 2014). In this discussion, the case of Jessica and her husband Marco who were faced with the issue of fetal abnormality has been used to look at the moral aspect and the various options available. Further, the discussion looks at some of the theoretical justifications that justify termination of a pregnancy when there is fetal abnormality.
When does life begin?
This is one of the common questions that arise whenever the issue of abortion and termination of unborn children arises. The need to establish this is so as to categorically identify whether there is any moral violation in the termination of pregnancy. From a biological perspective, a fetus is considered to be a human being after four weeks of pregnancy (Baier, 2010). In the case of Jessica, the fetus has shown signs of abnormality in that it has not developed the upper limbs and there is a possibility that the arms will not develop at all. Further, it has shown that the baby is at high risk of being born with Down syndrome. The physician advises Jessica and Marco that it is entirely upon them to make a decision on the best way forward. He however advises that it would be prudent for them to consider abortion. This is in full consideration of the kind of life that the child will lead if borne. The baby will not have the arms and will also suffer from Down syndrome. The child will lead a very difficult life and may not have a fully productive considering that they may have to be fully dependent on somebody their entire life.
Theories in Perspective
Dr. Wilson insists on breaking the news of diagnosis to Jessica although her husband Marco is adamant. Dr Wilson’s thinking is guided by deontological theory also known as duty theories. Under this theory, human bei...