Why humans leave the state of nature to enter into civil society

Why humans leave the state of nature to enter into civil society
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Why humans leave the state of nature to enter into civil society
Introduction
The state of nature concept in philosophy is used in international law and social contract theory to represent the hypothetical state that people's lives' might have been prior to the existence of civil and communal societies. The presumption that organized societies were preceded by such period of time is what has raised questions regarding how life was like before the rise of civil societies, how nation governments emerged from such initial state, and the reasons for leaving such state to enter to a civil society. Different philosophers have offered similar as well as varying perspectives regarding why people decide to abandon the state of nature and choose to be bound by civil authorities in civil societies. Some of the most notable philosophers who have informed this area include Thomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, John Locke, Plato, and Glaucon among others. This paper discusses why people leave the state of nature to enter into civil societies by comparing and contrasting the views of Locke and Glaucon. Plato's views of the same matter will also be incorporated as well as a determination of whether he would most support Locke's or Glaucon's views.[John Locke, Two Treatises of Government: By John Locke (Google ebook, 1764), 195.] [Ibid, 197.]
John Locke on the State Of Nature and Civil Society
John Locke is regarded as among the most prominent political and moral philosophers of modern era. His arguments in favor of the social contract, as well as the rights of citizens to go against their rulers, were highly influential on various revolutions that came to pass such as those against Thomas Jefferson. In his book Two Treatises of Government, Locke energetically gives consideration to the concept of the state of nature. He defends the claim that people are by nature equal and free contrary to the popular claim that that God made man naturally subject to political authority. This view is contained in the second of these treatises wherein his justification for a civil society is also contained. Locke's position regarding the state of nature is that it is a state of absolute and perfect liberty to live one's life and conduct one's activities as one desires and sees fit. This in addition is supposed to be in the absence of other peoples' interferences. This however does not mean it is a state that gives one license to do anything that he/she pleases. Though there is no government or civil authority to punish those who transgress against laws, morality does exist in such state and people are bound by it.[Ibid, 197]
Though being pre-political, the state of nature is not, Locke states, pre-moral. In such state people are assumed to be free and equal to one another and therefore capable of being subject to the law of nature. The ba...