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History
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Topic:

Yup'ik Masks. An archeology Essay. History Term Paper

Term Paper Instructions:

native american art history term paper's topic is Yup'ik Masks, the instrcutions are below

 

HAD-426: Native American Art & Architecture

TERM PAPER GUIDELINES – Autumn 2019

Dr. Mary D Edwards

 

The subject of HAD-426 is Native American art and architecture up until 1900. To do well on your term paper, you should select four or five works of art and demonstrate how they reflect Native American culture.  Below are listed the kinds of things that you could cover in your paper when analyzing works of art closely - as applicable. (If you are writing on Architecture, you should be able to discuss features that are relevant to structures as opposed to artworks where two asterisks occur.)  

 

Maker of works: {name the tribal affiliation of the artist and also the gender if known and/or relevant }

**Materials: {wood; metal; fur; clay, et cetera … in case of art work}

**Technique: { carved; cast; sewn; modeled, et cetera … in case of art work}

Function: {religious; utilitarian; recreational, et cetera … }

Symbolic features: {analyze iconography of significant motifs }

**Scale: {small enough to hold in the hand, big as a house, somewhere in between OR give approximate measurements in case of a structure …}

Coloration: { monochrome, polychrome, specific colors … }

Derivation of pigments: {plants; minerals; commercial colors }  

Influence of European settlers on the works? { How? Where? Why? }

Composition:  { overall arrangement of  elements }

Design features: {are any terms learned this semester applicable?}

Mythic aspects: { do the works reflect a myth and/or mythic beings? }

Ritual aspects: { are any rituals connected with the work? }

Condition of items: { is the work in good condition or is there evidence of significant damage ?}  

Anything Else: {discuss other particulars that are important but not referenced here }

 

RESEARCH: This is a research paper. Therefore, you should quote here and there statements of the authors you have read. And you need to footnote the sources from which you drew the quotes. The same applies to any ideas or information that you paraphrase in your own words but do not actually quote.

 

YOUR OWN IDEAS: feel free to include any ideas that you may have on your topic.

 

FONT: the font should be 12-point

SPACING : the lines should be double-spaced

LENGTH : from ten to twelves pages – assuming there are 250 words per page. In short, the word count should be between 2500 to 3000 words -  no more, no less – or you will lose points (earn a lower grade). Please remember that once you leave Pratt you will be asked to write application essays for various opportunities that you seek to enjoy. WORD COUNTS – if not adhered to – will cause your application to be tossed without even being read by the committee in charge of selecting the most qualified applicants. So be sure to follow all instructions while at Pratt.

 

LEARNING TO FOLLOW DIRECTIONS IS PART OF THE EXERCISE

 

PAGINATION: please number your pages

ILLUSTRATIONS : please place your illustrations at the END of your document and please number them and place a brief caption beneath each of them. THESE PAGES ARE NOT PART OF THE PAGE COUNT.

ENDNOTES / FOOTNOTES : text in the endnotes / footnotes are NOT included in the WORD COUNT

BIBLIOGRAPHY: please place your bibliography at the END of the document. Again, the bibliography is not part of the page count or word count. The same holds true for the captions under the illustrations.

GUIDE THE READER: please refer your reader to each illustration when you mention it in your text, thus so: (fig. 1).

PROOF READ: Nothing irks a reader more than encountering typos / typos / typos…

VALUE : the paper is worth 25 points. Three points will be deducted per day if the paper is not submitted at the beginning of class on the due date!!!

DUE DATE :  December 4 - at 5:00 pm

 

GOOD LUCK AS YOU COMPLETE THIS ASSIGNMENT. I LOOK FORWARD TO READING WHAT YOU RESEARCH AND WRITE.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Term Paper Sample Content Preview:
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Yup’ik Masks
Introduction
Artifacts are the most intriguing part of archeological studies, and they play a crucial role in decoding archeological records and providing crucial information on how people lived in the past (Nash 5). Most of the archeological information is gathered from the context of excavated artifact, the place where an artifact has been found, or with what other items it has been discovered with. Artifacts and their contexts help archeologists obtain important information that can be used to describe, compare, and contrast various cultures that existed several years back as well as formulate a comprehensive chronology of such cultures. Artifacts are objects that were intentionally shaped and designed through human efforts as part of their culture and daily living. Some artifacts are often discovered through accident; for instance, in the forests by tourists, by construction companies digging a building foundation or by farmers plowing their fields, among other forms of accidental discovery (Nash 5). For archeological excavation, the process is well arranged and managed, and typically, proceeds through a well-established process designed to obtain all the possible information concerning the site and the artifacts or objects recovered. Artifacts are classified into different categories based on various principles through a method referred to as typological analysis (O'Brien and Lee 7). Typology is a scientific field that involves the study of artifacts using various observable characteristics such as techniques of manufacture, form, and materials used. First, a typologist uses different principles such as raw materials, size, color, and shape to classify artifacts. Then they categorize artifacts using mutually exclusive traits referred to as attribute states. Various artifacts such as ceramic pots and masks can be sorted using shape or raw materials into different groups. While typologists are usually satisfied using traits to categorize artifacts, the archeological classification objective is to comprehensively develop artifact descriptions that can be used in comparison with objects from other places (O'Brien and Lee 10). In most cases, artifacts are not classified based on their function because it is difficult to unambiguously determine their functions. The concept of typology indicates that in a given area, artifacts that are similar in style or form are more likely to have been produced at about the same time, and there is a high likelihood that their stylistic transformations were gradual or evolutionary (O'Brien and Lee 7). However, typological classification is only an arbitrary construction used by archeologists to come to terms with archeological records. Consequently, there is no definite way of categorizing artifacts into different types. The current paper examines various Yup’ik masks as artifacts discovered in Alaska, North America.
Various Yup’ik Masks Analyzed
According to archeologists, the ancestors of the Yupik people originally came from Siberia and settled along the Western Alaskan coastal region and the Kuskokwim and Yukon River valleys around 3000 years ago (Alix and Karen 4). Today, the population of Yupik people is approximately 25,7...
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