Nursing Theories: Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory

Nursing Theories
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Institution
Nursing Theories
Dorothea Orem theory of self-care falls under the category of grand theory. In terms of scope, the self-care theory is broad with general ideas that can be applied in at least all instances of nursing (Mateo & Foreman, 2013, p. 119). It broadly categorizes universal self-care provisions that are based on needs that all individuals have. The ideas of maturational according to self-care theory is where progress is made towards the higher levels and this is applicable in all areas of nursing. The self-care theory focuses on the events central to nursing such as the individual, health, nursing practice, and the environment.
The classic human needs theory recognizes the need for obtaining patient independence so encourage progress that can easily be achieved after hospitalization. The theory as argued by McEwen and Wills (2011), indicates that nurses should be able to recognize the needs of patients and help them meet those needs. The Self-care theory meets the perceptions of the classic needs theory by arguing that people should seek self-reliance and so have the ability to be responsible for their own care and the care of others within their family that require care. The interactive theory foresees a situation where individuals have the ability to adopt to the context and environment they are faced with, while viewing disease and wellness as a process of experience. The self-care theory is interactive in nature because Orem indicated that nursing is some form of action in which there is interaction between two or more individuals. The unitary process theory perceives nursing both as a science and an art. This means individuals are unitary in that they are self-evolving and also self-regulating (McEwen & Wills, 2011). In regards to self-care theory, it indicates that people’s awareness and knowledge of possible health problems is a vital part of promoting self-care actions.
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