Philippines Climate change, water resources, food security, energy resources and population growth issues

IntroductionClimate change Issueso Temperature increaseo Extreme heat leading to other catastrophieso Typhonso Sea level disturbance around the country Initiative and Progress
In just about 200 years after the start of industrialization, the earth’s temperature shoot up. Towards the 21st century, human doings put a toll on the earth’s carrying capacity. The earth lashed back from the stresses by thawing the thousand years old glaciers and ice caps. Melted ice and heated atmosphere gave way to rising sea levels. The ocean conveyor belt which controls the movement of hot and cold energy had been affected. When the oceans get super warm, the land dries up easily and when it gets too cold it generates too much rains. Heat waves, drought, forest fires, cyclones, hurricanes, storms, typhoons, flashfloods and landslides have intensified from feedback and forcings on the climate system. We are now in the era of modern climate change. But more than an environmental issue, climate change is a social issue which affects the quality of life. It affects the achievement and fulfilment of the universal human rights especially of the people who are in the margins and socially excluded.
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Water resources Issues Progress
In 2007, the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) warned that the warming of the climate system is unequivocal. Global warming since the 1950s is due to the increase in greenhouse gas emissions from human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and changes in land use.
In 2014, IPCC reported that the increasing emission is driven largely by economic and population growth. Increasing global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, rising global average sea level, extreme weather and climate events, heat waves and changes in rainfall are now serious concerns. Many of these observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. They indicate the sensitivity of natural and human systems to changing climate. The character and severity of impacts emerge from risk from climate-related hazards and exposure (people and assets at risk) and vulnerability (susceptibility to harm) of human and natural systems. The IPCC posits that the world would experience warming at a critical threshold of 2◦C by the end of this century even if greenhouse gas emissions are moderated.
Adaptation and mitigation experience is accumulating across regions and scales, even while global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have continued to increase.
Social and economic transformations, such as population growth, rapid urbanisation and industrial development have increased both exposure and sensitivity to climate-related hazards across the country. Pressure on natural resources and lack of access to productive land has increased migration to hazard prone areas such as upland slopes prone to landslides, watersheds and riverbanks at risk of flooding, and coastal areas exposed to tropical storms and sea surges.
Food security Issues Progress
Philippines is already experiencing the impacts of climate change. A temperature increase of 0.64 degrees was observed in the country between 1951 and 2010. Over the past three decades, an increase in the frequency and intens...