Speech Presentation Assignment On Migration and Development

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Migration and Development
Migration, especially the rural-urban one has become a major issue in the study of economic development with a heated debate, whether it should be promoted or not. As discussed in the previous and preceding chapters, including the current one, rural to urban migration has both positive and negative impacts to the place of origin as well as the destination. The growing cities, movement of people and the increasing number of specialized products have been considered to be important in economic development. From my own point of view, migration is a selective process that affects individuals with certain social, demographic, economic and educational characteristics.
The rates of rural-urban migration have exceeded the rates of job creation in urban areas leading to unemployment or underemployment in the cities. First, the process of economic development was considered to be an increase in industrial activities as compared to that of agriculture. The industrial sector experienced high capital accumulation rates, thus the surplus labor in the agricultural sector started to be absorbed in the industry. Therefore, the primary key to rural-urban migration is the existence of surplus labor in rural areas contributed by the expanding opportunities for such labor in urban areas. However, each potential migrant decides whether or not to move based on the expected income objectives, thus the wage differentials between the destination and origin. Migration decisions are made by those who want to receive a higher paying work in urban areas and the economic benefits exceeds those of rural areas.
Migration is a result of economic develo...