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Social Sciences
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Research Paper
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English (U.S.)
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Topic:

Introduction to Demography, Research Paper

Research Paper Instructions:

paper is 5-6 pages: 1-2 pages are for graph and chart 
Overview
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the demographic experience of two countries, one “more developed” and one “less developed,” from 1950 to 2015, in order to describe demographic data trends, assess various demographic measures of population change, and analyze the theory of the demographic transition. The assignment has several goals: 
1. To gain familiarity with an online demographic data source 
2. To learn about recent demographic trends in two countries of your choosing 
3. To practice creating figures and tables displaying demographic data
4. To practice writing about demographic trends 
5. To become better versed in the demographic transition theory
6. To use data to assess the demographic transition theory
7. To think critically about standard demographic measures of population change
Step 1: Choose your countries
Choose one “more developed” and one “less developed” country. You may use the UN definitions of “more” and “less”/“least” developed (see definitions in reading by Lee) or you may use other measures of development to categorize two countries as “more” or “less” developed.
Step 2: Gather data & create a graph and a table
Find demographic data for your countries at http://esa(dot)un(dot)org/wpp/unpp/panel_indicators.htm (google un population data detailed indicators and go to the first site, “Detailed Indicators”). On the website under “Detailed indicators,” highlight the population growth rate, the crude death rate, the crude birth rate, the total fertility (rate), and life expectancy at birth. Select your two countries from the countries list. Be sure the “medium variant” is selected, and limit the years to 1950 to 2015. Hit “display” or “download as a .csv file” to see your data online or in Excel.
Using the data you found online, create one graph displaying the population growth rate, the crude death rate, and the crude birth rate from 1950 to 2010 for each of your countries. The rates should be charted on the y axis and year on the x axis, and the graph will display six lines of data, one for each rate in each country. 
Create one table displaying the total fertility rate and the life expectancy in each country for each five-year period from 1950-2010. 
Clearly label, title, and identify the data sources for the graph and table. 
Step 3: Write a demographic analysis of your data
In 4-6 double-spaced pages APA format, describe and analyze the demographic trends of the two countries. The text should focus on three central tasks: 
1. Describe the trends in order to convey what the graphs and tables say about demographic change in the two countries. The text should suggest how large and/or important the two countries’ trends are by comparing them to each other and to global and historical trends. 
2. Assess the usefulness and limitations of the measures included in your graph and table. Assess whether there is any bias in the crude measures, especially the crude death rate, by comparing trends in the crude death rate to trends in life expectancy at birth.
3. Analyze the theory of the demographic transition using the data in your graph and table. Be sure to explain what the demographic transition theory says. Consider whether the demographic trends follow the order of the stages, whether the difference between the two countries corresponds to their relative levels of socioeconomic development, and what might account for discrepancies between the theory and the data, if there are any. 
Do not use outside materials to give background, history, or social explanations for the trends observed in your countries. Stick to the data, the measures, and the theory. You may use course materials to compare the trends in your countries to trends in other countries or the world. Any sources you use should be cited with full bibliographic information included in a references section at the end of the paper. 
Grading rubric: you will be graded according to the following criteria
Formal demography: describe the data and discuss the measures
• Describes the data accurately
• Uses proper units when describing the data 
• Interprets the data to give the trends meaning and relevance
• Explains the measures precisely 
• Shows clear understanding of the issue of age bias for crude measures of fertility and mortality
Social demography
• Explains the demographic transition theory clearly 
• Relates the data trends to the theory 
• Assesses whether the data support the theory
Graph and table
• Data appear correctly presented
• Figures are titled, labeled, and sourced
• Figures are presented clearly and are easy to read
Writing
• Writing is clear and without errors
• Writing assumes a formal tone, appropriate for a demographic report
• Sources are cited and full bibliographic information is included 
In general:
The text should be minimum 3 pages, maximum 5 pages. Describe the excel graph data numbers into words, talk about the articles and lectures.
Create excel graphs data --> please check "paper" word doc. And excel doc. Examples.

Research Paper Sample Content Preview:

Demography Research Paper
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Tutor
Institution
Date
The paper evaluates and asses the demographic experience of two countries, a more developed nation (Denmark) and a less developed (Malawi) from 1950 to 2015. The availed data in terms of table and graphs provides practical data regarding the demographic situations of the two countries from the online standing. The main features indicated in the graphed data provided demographic data trends assess a variety of demographic measures of population change and analyzes the theory of the demographic transition. Figure1. The population growth rate, crude death rate, and crude birth rate in Malawi and the Denmark from 1950-2015
Annual range Life expectancy at birth Total fertility rate (TFR)MalawiDenmarkMalawiDenmark1950-1955
1955-1960
1960-1965
1965-1970
1970-1975
1975-1980
1980-1985
1985-1990
1990-1995
1995-2000
2000-2005
2005-2010
36.32
37.27
38.47
39.55
41.81
43.44
45.34
46.70
47.27
46.12
46.84
51.56
70.93
72.08
72.43
72.88
73.61
74.28
74.45
74.75
75.24
76.04
77.26
78.56
6.78
6.84
7.00
7.20
7.40
7.60
7.58
7.40
6.60
6.44
6.07
5.83
2.55
2.55
2.58
2.27
1.96
1.68
1.43
1.54
1.75
1.76
1.76
1.85
From the tabled data regarding Life expectancy at birth, Malawi has consistent low Life expectancy rate for its population at below 51.66 years. The Life expectancy at birth in the country has been steadily growing from the 36.32 in 1950 -1955 to the largest number in 2005-2010 at 51.56. This case might be attributed the increased adoption of modern or conventional medical care to the population of the developing countries. Most of the developing countries in Africa and Asian nations share the same features amongst its population. Denmark on contrary has stable high Life expectancy at birth rate ranging between 70.93 and 78.56. Denmark also has improved Life expectancy at birth which started at 70.93 in 1950-1955 to eventual 78.56 in 2005 -2010.
Denmark is a developed country as compared to Malawi which is an emerging country in Africa. According to (Dyson & Economic and Social Research Council 2010), developing nations have a group of related challenges that reduces the life expectancy of its population including diseases, political instability, and many other problems. Developed countries have separate problems as compared to the developing nations but they do not have much impact on the population. Medical care in the developed nation is relatively world class thus illnesses derived from viral and bacterial pathogens or germs are excellently controlled. Deaths in the developed nations are mainly due to cancer, lifestyle and accidents cases. Cancer is highly related old age in most cases (Caldwell & Caldwell, 2006).
Consistent with (Engelgau & World Bank, 2011), the two countries expose differing Total fertility features. Malawi has high (highest is 7.6 and lowest is 5.83) fertility rate as compared to Denmark (highest 2.58 and lowest is 1.43). Total fertility rate exposed by Malawi is attributed to the young age at which girls are married off. Developing nations have po...
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