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4 pages/β‰ˆ1100 words
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Style:
APA
Subject:
Health, Medicine, Nursing
Type:
Research Paper
Language:
English (U.S.)
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MS Word
Date:
Total cost:
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Topic:

Setting and Access to Potential Subjects

Research Paper Instructions:

Research has had great outcomes that produced substantial social benefits, but it has also posed some ethical dilemmas. During the Second World war, human subjects were used for biomedical experiments and this attracted attention from the public and came about report of abuse on human subjects. During the Nuremberg War Crime Trials, the Nuremberg code was drafted as a set of standards for judging physicians and scientists who had conducted biomedical experiments on concentration camp prisoners. This code became the prototype of many later codes intended to assure that research involving human subjects would be carried out in an ethical manner (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2018).
There are three general judgements that serves as basic justification for the many particular ethical prescriptions and evaluations of human actions. These “basic ethical principles” are known as:
1. Respect for Persons- individuals should be treated as autonomous agents and persons with diminished autonomy are entitled protection.
2. Beneficence- not only are the vulnerable subjects treated in an ethical manner, their decisions are also respected and individually protected from harm.
3. Justice- “fairness in distribution” or “what is deserved”. Injustice occurs when some benefit to which a person is entitled is denied without good reason or when some burden is imposed unduly.
(U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2018).
Reference:
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2018. The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research. Office for Human Research Protections. Retrieved from: https://www(dot)hhs(dot)gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/belmont-report/read-the-belmont-report/index.html

Research Paper Sample Content Preview:
EBP Proposal: Implementation Plan
Name
Institutional Affiliation
EBP Proposal: Implementation Plan
Setting and Access to Potential Subjects
The setting for which the proposed change is meant is the operating room or surgical intensive care units of Houston Methodist Willowbrook Hospital. In this setting, about 1,000 surgical operations are done every year. Since the staff does not generally understand the dangers of prolonged exposure to surgical plumes, a dedicated surgical smoke evacuation system will be complemented by educational sessions to promote compliance and appreciation of the solution. This is in line with Wagner's findings that meeting the educational needs of the concerned staff can improve the levels of compliance with the EBP project by about 15% (Wagner, 2016). The potential subjects who will be directly affected by the change include general surgeons, critical care surgeons, perioperative nurses, anesthesiologists, colorectal surgeons, and urologists. A steering committee will be formed and mandated to consult widely across the leadership of the surgical teams and the larger nursing community to incorporate their ideas into the implementation process.
Time
The implementation timelines for the whole project will be three years. This period will be divided into three segments for a better assessment of the objectives. During the first three months, a sample of 20 surgical professionals and 100 patients will be evaluated using survey questionnaires and interviews. The combination of these methods has the advantage of assessing both non-verbal and verbal data (Ponto, 2015). For the OR staff, the key elements of the analysis will be job satisfaction and cases of health complications directly linked to surgical smoke exposure. Conversely, the patients will be assessed in terms of hospital stay, health complications from surgical smoke, and readmission rates. Another bunch of results will be gathered one year into the implementation and three years into the implementation using a similar sample of surgical specialists and patients.
Resources or Changes Needed
The proposed implementation of a downward airflow system for the filtering and redistribution of the filtered air to the operating theatres will require the purchasing of new modernized equipment such as the Smoke Shark II. According to Romano et al (2017), a ventilation system that entails a downward flow of surgical smoke in one direction is more effective in eliminating contaminants compared to the one involving upward displacement of smoke. The resources required for the solution is a budget that covers the cost of the equipment and the installation cost. Additionally, computers, newsletters, handouts, and projectors will be needed for presentations to be made to the stakeholders to understand how the new system works. Also, certain changes would enhance the success of the implementation process. For example, all the stakeholders would need to give their approvals, educational sessions would need to be integrated into the program, and transparent and frequent communication will be needed. This will prevent misunderstandings that often result in organizational resistance to change as alluded by Khan, Raza, and Mujtaba (2016).
Methods and I...
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