HSA3111: U.S. Health Care Systems. Opioid Use. Research Paper.
Research paper is for my HSA3111: U.S. Healthcare Systems course this is a CURRENT HEALTH EVENT PAPER (CHEP) CHEP
PLEASE following direction in the uploaded materials provided for this paper
Topic: Opioid Use
Format: APA 7.0 writing style (title page, font, font size, spacing, margins,paragraph alignment and heading) Title Page includes CHEP number and list of textbook chapters cited. Paper should include title page, max of 3 (three) pages of actual content, and a Reference Page (max of 5 (five) pages total). All resources cited within the body of the paper and included in the References in the correct APA 7.0 style.
Research CHEP Topic: you will use 3 sources in your CHEP in addition to the textbook uploaded(one source from each category). Please DO NOT use more than 3 sources and the textbook for the CHEP. * Newspaper or radio commentaries article - the published dates of your news articles and/or radio commentaries/podcasts should be January 2020 or later.
* YouTube Video - the published date should be 2010 or later.
* Peer-reviewed journal articles - the published dates should be 2010 or later. NOTE: that editorials, commentaries, book reviews, etc. although from a peer reviewed journal are not peer-reviewed journal articles. The following resources will help to identify what constitutes a peer-reviewed article:
**Angelo State University: How to Recognize Peer Reviewed (Refereed Journals) - http://www(dot)angelo(dot)edu/services/library/handouts/peerrev.php
** John Jay College of Criminal Justice: Evaluating Information Services - http://guides(dot)lib(dot)jjay(dot)cuny(dot)edu/c.php?g=288333&p=1922599h
TEXTBOOK Chapters - you must integrate at least 2 of the following course chapters into your CHEP: 1,3,4,5,7,12,14, and 14. Sources must be relevant to the course. The articles must relate to the issue that needs reform. Please Exclude articles from abstract, blogs,organizational websites, organizational newsletters, WebMD, Wikipedia, press releases, Letters to Editor, editorials, reviews or summaries of articles.
OPIOID USE
Tarlini
HSA3111: U.S. Health Care Systems
CHEP Number: 1
Chapters Listed: 1, 3, 4 and 9
1/27/2020
Opioid Use
The opioid crisis is one of the latest epidemics to affect the American health care system mainly as a result of increased prescriptions, showcased through the statistics on the effects of the drug. For instance, in 2014, the number of opioid-related deaths was 61% of all the drug-related deaths and increased by 10.6% in 2015 to register 5.2 per 100, 000 according to Hedberg et al. (2019). The Wall Street Journal (2017) reported a 40% increase in the number of child custody cases in Vermont and 24% in West Virginia during 2013-2016. To sum up the effects of the drugs, opioids have killed more than 700,000 people in the last two decades (Khazan, 2019). These figures, in addition to the fact that the crisis existed for decades, justify the declaration of its overdose a nationwide public health emergency in the year 2017. This necessitates its inclusion in the health reforms for an effective and long-term solution to the crisis. Shi and Singh (2019) define reforms as significant changes that are effected through government policy to extend health insurance coverage. This essay addresses the leading causes of the sustenance of the problem in American society and proposes ways that can be adopted to resolve the issue. Prescription, lack of alternative medications, and unfortunate financial situations stand out as the leading causes. In contrast, universal access non-opioid medication, reduction in prescriptions, and interventions to control the amount in circulation were the significant reform towards formulating a solution.
Causes of Opioid Use
1 Prescription
According to a study by the Health Evidence Review Commission (HERC), opioid prescriptions were the most preferred treatment for pain by therapists (Hedberg et al., 2019). The popularity of the medicine to the therapists makes it more accessible to patients. When opioids are the only prescribed meds for long term patients, it increases their probability of addiction. When opioids are popular among doctors and therapists as a pain medication, it increases their availability to the public which leads to sustained use not just because of prescription but because it is accessible.
2 Lack of alternative prescriptions
Khazan (2020) summarized the causes of the opioid epidemic as the interlinking result of poverty, trauma, availability, and pain. This statement indicates that opioid medications are readily available to the public, which is another cause of the crisis. The uncontrolled presence of the drugs in the streets makes it just as dangerous as other narcotics. The availability of the meds (Khazan, 2020) marred with the lack of alternative prescriptions (Hedberg et al., 2019) act together to worsen the situation. This means that even if a patient or a doctor wants to try an alternative prescription, it is impossible, especially in rural areas. The lack of alternatives increases the number of orders, while the uncontrolled availability increases the amount of illicit use of the substance. To support these claims, David Powell, who authored a paper on alternatives to opioids, noted that the misuse is primarily based on the rise in ac...
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