Diabetes. Canagliflozin Treatment in Adult Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Canagliflozin Treatment in Adult Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
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Canagliflozin Treatment in Adult Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
A research article that focuses comprehensively on a certain intervention for the treatment of diabetes is the article by Henry et al. (2015). This article specifically looks into the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D) using canagliflozin in adult patients. In their research study, Henry et al. (2015) assessed the safety as well as the effectiveness of canagliflozin as an add-on to insulin in grown-up patients who had T1D. Canagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor (Henry et al., 2015).
T1D is an autoimmune illness in which the pancreatic β-cells become destroyed progressively, which leads to the loss of endogenous insulin production as well as hyperglycemia. For this reason, T1D treatment calls for lifelong insulin therapy to maintain normal levels of blood glucose (Henry et al., 2015). T1D is linked to increased mortality and morbidity related to macrovascular and microvascular complications like stroke, coronary artery disease, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and renal insufficiency. The efficacy of insulin treatment in reducing the development and commencement of macrovascular and microvascular complications in people with T1D has been proven (Henry et al., 2015). Even so, this treatment has limitations, including weight gain, excessive fluctuations of glucose, and increased risk of hypoglycemia. Thanks to these limitations, patients might be deterred from effectively titrating their daily insulin dose to achieve target HbA1C goals (Henry et al., 2015). Canagliflozin is approved for treating adults with diabetes type 2 but not those with T1D. It decreases the levels of blood sugar using an insulin-independent method by reducing the renal threshold for blood sugar and boosting the secretion of urinary glucose, which results in a mild osmotic dieresis as well as a net caloric loss (Henry et al., 2015).
Henry et al. (2015) carried out a study aimed at assessing the safety and efficacy of canagliflozin in adult patients who had T1D. They examined it as an add-on to insulin. The study was carried out over a period of eighteen weeks. Three hundred and fifty-one patients were randomized on many daily injections of insulin or constant subcutaneous insulin infusion to canagliflozin 300mg or 100mg or placebo. In this research study, the main endpoint, as Henry et al. (2015) pointed out, was the percentage of patients who at the eighteenth week attained no increase in body weight and also attai...