Concept Analysis of Campinha-Bacote Model of Cultural Competence in Healthcare Delivery

Concept Analysis of Campinha-Bacote Model of Cultural Competence in
Healthcare Delivery
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Abstract
Transcultural nursing is an essential aspect in nursing care and has been a basis for formulating culturally competent nursing care approaches. With the increase in cultural diversity, attaining cultural competency is becoming a vital aspect of nursing care. The conceptual model analyzed herein reveals that culturally competent care can address racial biases, address health inequities, enhance respect for patient’s values, and lead incorporation of patient’s culture in nursing care. Cultural awareness is essential in identifying the similarities and differences among individual culture or patients. Each care approach must be personalized with the needs of the patient to be culturally competent care.
Key Words: transcultural nursing, culturally competent care, cultural diversity, cultural awareness, conceptual models, nursing, individual, similarities, respect, biases, inequity, acculturation
Introduction
Importance to Nursing Practice, Research, and Education
There are numerous care approaches or models that have been proposed in order to address the challenges associated with nursing care. There is a drastic increase in ethnic and racial diversity in many nations and regions. As populations become more diverse, there is a need for cultural consciousness during care delivery. Attaining cultural competence in healthcare delivery is essential because it assists in meeting the needs of the patients. Additionally, this is essential because it is a basis for enhancing the patient-centeredness and cultural sensitivity of the caregivers. Notably, nurses are the primary caregivers in the healthcare sector. The current approaches to care within the nursing professional seldom reflects the trends in population. There is a need to create appropriate care models that include the diverse needs of patients and ensure that issues such as beliefs, values, norms, and traditions are considered before an intervention is adopted for a specific population or group of people. While there is a numerous challenge leading to health disparities, enhancing the cultural competence of care is essential in reducing the degree of these disparities (Loftin, Hartin, Branson, & Reyes, 2013).
Campinha-Bacote’s Model of Cultural Competence is a theory that has numerous benefits in nursing practice, research, and education. One of the apparent benefits of this model is its ability to develop care that is aligned with the needs, beliefs, and values of the patient. This is essential because it forms a basis of how well a patient can cope with the care strategies as well as the levels of satisfaction from the proposed care. Cultural competence can be explained as an ability to be aware of the culture, demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the patient’s culture and needs, and accepts the cultural differences during care delivery. In the contemporary healthcare system, nursing practitioners are forced to attain culturally competent perspectives in order to deliver care effectively (Davidhizar, Havens, & Bechtel, 1999). Concerning cultural awareness, the nurs...