Advanced Pathophysiology

Advanced Pathophysiology
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Part 1
The digestive system comprises of a variety of organs working together to convert large-sized food particles into small-sized nutrients in order to feed the whole body. The accessory organs of digestion are the liver, the pancreas, and the gallbladder. The liver is the most powerful and largest accessory organ, weighing nearly four pounds in an adult. It plays an integral role in metabolism and regulates the digestive process (Yamamoto et al., 2014). The liver has been divided into two main lobes: a large lobe which is present on the right side, and a small lobe which is present on the left side.
The pancreas, on the other hand, is a soft organ that lies behind the stomach. It produces pancreatic juice on a daily basis, which consists of water along with sodium bicarbonate and salts. The pancreatic enzymes (chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, and trypsin) help digest food by converting its large particles into small ones. For example, the enzyme that digests starch is called amylase, and the enzyme that breaks down fatty acids is lipase.
The third ac...