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2 pages/β‰ˆ550 words
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APA
Subject:
Social Sciences
Type:
Lab Report
Language:
English (U.S.)
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Topic:

Carrying Capacity for the Population of Sparrows

Lab Report Instructions:

A “population” is a group of individuals and “population growth” is the change in numbers of individuals with time at a given place. This change in numbers of individuals with time is the result of the collective births and deaths there and immigration to and emigration from that place. This definition can be expressed in terms of “positive growth” (increase in numbers of individuals with time) or “negative growth” (decrease in numbers of individuals with time).
Population growth may also be referred to as population “behavior” or “dynamics”. This assignment is designed to help you become familiar with the operation of PopEcoLab by studying the population growth of brown sparrows. Please be sure to you spend some time becoming familiar with the input parameters in the PopEcoLab, as these parameters will also be used in successive activities.
Open the PopEcoLab in BioLabs Online and read the Introduction and background information. Next, click on “Assignments” and read the instructions for Assignment 1: Getting to Know PopEcoLab:Single Species Population Growth. In your lab notebook, write down the biological and environmental parameters you select and record the answers to the questions in Assignment 1.1 and 1.2. As you proceed through the assignment, write down your observations. For example, what were the genotype frequencies and did they change during the experiment? Copy and paste the histogram and plots you create in this assignment into your notebook.
Once you have completed the experiments, answered the questions, and saved and plotted the data, organize the material dealing with 1.2 and upload it to the assignment dropbox. The answers to the questions from 1.2 should be preceded by the question that you are answering. Your graphs and histograms should have the axes labeled and a descriptive title.
-What did you discover? Did the results agree with your hypothesis? Why or why not? Is there a threshold clutch size needed to keep the population from going extinct? What happens to the variability in population numbers as clutch size gets smaller? If you were a conservation biologist, what would you say about your ability to predict population numbers when clutch size decreases?
Formulate a hypothesis to predict the effects of an increase in clutch size on population number, then design and carry out experiments to test your hypothesis.
What happens to population size as clutch size gets larger? What happens to populations with very large clutch sizes? What do you think is causing the pattern that you see?
this is just assignment not the lab report
but the writer can combine the old and new instruction if he want

Lab Report Sample Content Preview:
Using PopEcoLab
Carrying Capacity for the Population of Sparrows
Leaving all parameters (figure 1) at their default values, the habitat being studied has a carrying capacity of 1,250 brown sparrows. The experiment was ran over 100 years (figure 2.1) and 200 years (figure 2.2), but the results remain the same. This is no surprise since default environmental conditions are kept constant and the experiment did not take into consideration predators and other competitors for resources. Moreover, it is also clear that there will certain points in time when the population will drop, and this is possibly due to a change in generation: where a generation may still be in the juvenile stage, there are a number of adult brown sparrows dying off, hence causing the various drops in population. This pattern may also be seen over the 200-year experiment.
Figure 1: Default parameter values
Figure 2.1: Population of Brown Sparrows over 100 years
Figure 2.2: Population of Brown Sparrows Over 200 years
The Effects of Increasing and Decreasing Clutch Size
Hypothesis: A decreasing clutch size may cause the extinction of brown sparrows.
I believe that the default value of 3 eggs is the optimum clutch size for brown sparrows. Any lower than that, there is a possibility for the species to become extinct because there are fewer hatchlings that reach adulthood. This hypothesis is illustrated clearly by figures 3.1 and 3.2, where extinction can happen on the 10th year and 55th year of decreased clutch size, respectively.
Figure 3.1: Clutch Size at 1 egg
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