3.1. Biological and Biomedical Sciences Assignment.

Name:
Class number and time:               
Prof: 
Date:  
Please remember to make your own copy of this document and change the mckendricksj part of the filename to your last name and first initial. That way you can write on it and the filename is mostly done.
________________________________________Resources:Watch: Franz de Waal, Two Monkeys Were Paid Unequally.youtube.com. 
Here is also a lecture section on the basics of The Scientific Method. This is an information document. Note: The LAB classes do not have to complete the coursework at the end of The Scientific Method lecture note because that is an extra credit  for the lecture course. However, the information in the lecture is needed to complete the lab, for some, who may not already be able to apply science rather than answer a quiz about it. Note that the two classes are entwined. Lecture courses often focus on learning about things while LAB classes apply things by doing stuff. However, if you are dual enrolled in my lecture course feel free to turn this LAB into the extra credit section to pad the grade  : ) 
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Step 1 (8 pts) Write an 123a note per the instructions on the Franz De Waal videoV3. i.  Franz De Waal, Two Monkeys Were Paid Unequally.TED.youtube.dateviewed1.  2. 3. 4A:( 3 lines) ________________________________________
Step 2 This section is for the deconstruction of a scientific statement. That is, by observing a scientific inquiry, in this case Franz De Wassl’s video,  and using your own observation in odrede to tell how the science  works. The idea is to identify the parts of the scientific method.  Answer in one sentence only.
6. ( 2 pts) What is potentially the initial observation which led to the experiment, the general idea, that is, what caused De Waal to think about this question?
7.  (2 pts) What is the hypothesis? (Three parts; what individual(s) are being assessedA, what is the causec, and what is the resultB). 
8. (2 pts) What is the data collection methodology; experiment, natural or observation and why do you believe that? 
9. (2 pts) Is this qualitative or quantitative science and why?
10. Information for this question given in-class and in appendix 1 at the end of this document about the negative hypothesis. A. ( 2 pts) Write a negative hypothesis for the capuchin monkeys and state why it is useful to use one. 
B. (2 pts) The negative hypothesis is a useful way to learn about other views for example;  rival politics, gun control, religious difference. Pick one current issue and write 2 hypotheses, a positive and negative hypothesis about it. 
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Appendix 1One way a worldview is acquired is by way of communication. That is, we can learn from others what to do and the correct way to think. This establishes the foundation for individual success within a group and also may enhance the idea that others are separate from the group. When others are seen as separate then it is exclusive vs. inclusive. This may lead to many discriminatory practices which are accepted by a group as normal, fair, and correct. This is important in science because some are focused on their own view and neglect any other view. This does not lead to full discovery but it may lead to something. In order to have a better wide range of possibilities other views are needed. One way to start is to use a negative hypothesis which goes against the expected outcome or reason. 
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”I see you,” The Negative Hypothesis and Cultural RelativismWe may see that as a nation division is the theme. There are strong groups with access to each other through media platforms including news agencies and social media.  Oftentimes, the communication goes far beyond informational and has become a pulpit to deliver the saving messages for those groups at the cost of other groups. For example, it is clear that those who are with the ideologies of the left or right... or anywhere on the spectrum use their speech to get their message out. That message is to influence others. At times those messages may have consequences and at the very least are radical polarized views which cause division. It is hard to work as a group if there is no common way to meet in the middle.
In science there is an idea called a negative hypothesis. In this case it may apply as; why might I be wrong? This presumes that we are not right and that others may have equal points of argument. This is the basis of cultural-relativism. Cultural relativism: the idea that a person’s actions, values, beliefs, can be understood better within their own context. That is, through learning and life experience a person may have concepts which are different from our own. Although different, it does not mean “right and wrong” without clarification as to the context of culture.  
When we learn those points of cultural context from others we may be able to bridge to the others rather than mass for a conflict. This would be the first stage of diplomacy. That is, to recognize that another group is valid from their perspectives. Cultural relativism does not mean that we agree wholly or in part but; it is to validate another’s different view as equal rather than to dismiss them.
Validation over dismissal is important to establishing a position of respect. Perhaps there is “power in position,” if a person is confident to meet with those who have very different views in order to say…”I see you.” It is possible we will learn and may make the world a better place by seeing what we may have done wrong today and begin to build a better tomorrow.