Efficiency Approach and Motivational Approach. Management Essay

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EFFICIENCY APPROACH AND MOTIVATIONAL APPROACH.
Job design has an immense impact on employee productivity and performance. Organizations either choose between oefficiency and motivational approaches when designeing their job structures. The efficiency approach is centered on improving the processes in the workplace and making the job repetitive and simpler to perform. The motivational approach is designed to improve job satisfaction for the worker. These job design approaches have their own advantages and disadvantages. Different organizations have different approaches to jobs though in some instances the job itself determines the approach it is accorded.
One of the reasons why a firm can opt to have an efficiency approach is to ensure significant expertise build-up on a specific task. An employee repeating a specific task over and over again for a long period of time will be more competent at performing that task. The job does not have to involve complex processes. It is easier to train employees in this job approach, and it costs the organization less since the skillset needed is minimal, and the repetitiveness of the task will lead to expertise buildup in a relatively shorter time. It is also easier to work with low skilled labor because the nature of the job itself does not have a lot of variables that require an extreme skillset to perform. In theory, this approach to job design helps reduce quality control costs and improves production efficiency. Organizations dealing with assembly lines in factories and transport industries are better suited to adopt this job design approach.
On the other hand, some companies can opt to have motivational approach because of the nature of their jobs. Jobs evoke certain behavioral responses to the work that can cause job dissatisfaction. Some people especially highly skilled employees expect to work in psychologically satisfying environment. From a behavioral perspective, a repetitive job can create dissatisfaction, which can affect the quality of work, increase employee turnover among other effects. Firms that understand that their employees can be easily bored by monotonous tasks invest in job enrichment to ensure they retain their workforce. They can opt to have job rotation, job enlargement, job enrichment, etc. Most jobs that need this approach require a relatively higher skillset. The nature of jobs demands creativity and fl...